Compositions for enhancing nail health

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for enhancing the health of nails and cuticles in a mammal, including humans. The compositions may be administered topically to the nail bed, nail matrix and cuticle in an amount effective to enhance nail health. The composition is also effective in strengthening and growing nails.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Ser. No.61/543,736, filed Oct. 5, 2011, which is incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present application is directed to compositions for enhancing nailand cuticle health and growth.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hair and nails, including toenails and fingernails, are primarilycomposed of the protein keratin. These protein amino acid chains areheld together by similar peptide bonds. The factors that affect thegrowth of nails and hair and the requirements for their proper healthare similar.

Fingernails and toenails are living tissue. The nail is formed in apocket of skin which has grown inward and is called the nail matrix.This area generates the nail and is also called the root of the nail.The outer layer of the matrix contains specialized cells that create thekeratin that grows out as the nail plate. The nail plate is the commonlyreferred to as a fingernail or toenail.

The nail bed is the finger tissue or toe tissue that supports the nail.Nails grow continuously throughout a person's life, growingapproximately at an average rate of 3 millimeters a month. Fingernailsmay require 3 to 6 months to re-grow completely, and toenails requireapproximately 12 to 18 months. Actual growth rate is dependent upon age,gender, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors.

Poor nail and cuticle health can result in Brittle Nail Syndrome.Brittle Nail Syndrome can be characterized by trachyonychia (e.g.surface roughness), lamellar onychoschizia (e.g. horizontallayering/peeling), and/or onychorrhexis (e.g. longitudinal cracking orsplitting of the distal edge). In addition, Brittle Nail Syndrome canalso result in nail fragility, lack of thickness and/or poor nailgrowth. Brittle Nail Syndrome is due in part to chronic inflammation ofthe nail bed.

The treatment of fingernail and toe nail problems due to variousconditions such as anemia, vitamin or mineral deficiency, onycohrrhexis,kidney and liver disorders, psoriasis, vascular disease (e.g., Raynaud'sdisease) and heart disease often result in poor nail growth, verticaltrenches, pitting, cracking, horizontal lines, lack of thickness andstrength, lack of smoothness, tendency to tear and other symptoms ofBrittle Nail Syndrome.

Despite the development of numerous treatments such as the use of nailenhancement and hardening polishes, protein elixirs such as bovinecollagen emulsions, various types of wearable protective fingernailcovers and other similar products, there remains a significant need fortreatments which actually restore the health of nails and cuticles. Theproblem with current treatments for improving nail health is that theyare mainly cosmetic in nature, largely ineffective, are generally takensystemically (e.g., biotin and silicon) and time consuming. There is aneed for compositions which actually restore nails and cuticles to theirnatural health.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a noveland effective treatment for brittle nail syndrome and/or the enhancementof nail health health and cuticle health.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention is directed to compositions and methods forenhancing nail health, cuticle health and/or nail growth in a mammal,including humans. Certain embodiments of the invention are directed tocompositions and methods for treating Brittle Nail Syndrome in a mammal,including humans. In certain embodiments the compositions include one ormore prostaglandins and/or prostamides, including analogs/prodrugsthereof. In certain other embodiments the compositions include one ormore anti-inflammatory drugs. In further embodiments the compositionsinclude one or more prostaglandins and/or prostamides in combinationwith one or more anti-inflammatory drugs.

In certain embodiments of the present invention the composition used forenhancing nail health comprises bimatoprost. Bimatoprost, is sold byAllergan, Inc. of Irvine, Calif., U.S.A. as Lumigan® ophthalmicsolution, for treating glaucoma, and as Latisse® for increasing thegrowth of eyelashes when applied in the FDA approved manner.

The compositions can be administered topically to the nail bed, nailmatrix, the end or tip of the nail and cuticle in an amount effective toenhance nail health and/or cuticle health, for example by thickening,strengthening and/or smoothing the nail and/or cuticle, and in certainembodiments by treating Brittle Nail Syndrome. In certain embodimentsthe compositions can be administered topically to the nail bed, nailmatrix, the end or tip of the nail and cuticle in an amount effective toenhance nail growth. The composition can be administered once a day,twice a day, three times a day, four times a day, five times a day, sixtimes a day, once a week, twice a week, three times a week, four times aweek, five times a week or six times a week. The composition can come ina kit comprising a vial or dispenser containing the composition and anapplicator (e.g. brush).

The compositions of the present invention include but are not limited toemulsions, microemulsions, reverse emulsions, solutions, colloids,suspensions, dispersions, gels, pastes and polishes. In certainembodiments the composition includes at least one active compoundselected from a prostaglandin, a prostamide, andanalogs/prodrugs/derivatives thereof. In at least one embodiment thecomposition includes at least one prostamide derivative (e.g.bimatoprost). In at least one embodiment the composition includes acombination of a prostamide derivative (e.g. brimatoprost) and ananti-inflammatory (e.g. ketorolac). In other embodiments the compositionincludes a combination of at least one prostamide derivative and atleast one immunomodulator. In at least one embodiment the compositionincludes a combination of bimatoprost and cyclosporine. In otherembodiments the composition includes at least one retinoid such astazortene. In certain embodiments the composition includes biotin and/orsilicone.

Certain embodiments of the present invention are directed tooil-in-water emulsions optionally containing an active compound whereinthe emulsions can contain at least one oil and/or surfactant. In oneembodiment the emulsion contains castor oil, polysorbate 80, glycerine,NaOH and may optionally contain polyacrylates such as carbomer andPEMULEN® and other additional ingredients.

In at least one embodiment of the present invention the compositionincludes 0.5% w/v carboxy methyl cellulose, 0.9% w/v glycerine, 0.25%carnitine and 0.25% w/v erythritol and purite.

Castor oil or another oil or another hydrophobic component, such asvegetable oils, animal oils, mineral oils, synthetic oils, higher fattyacid glycerides and the like and mixtures thereof, some of which arelisted below in the Detailed Description, may be present in thecomposition in concentrations from 1.25% w/v, 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1%w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v,0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v,0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v,0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v, 0.01%-0.1% w/v,0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v, 0.01-0.05% w/v,0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v, 0.01-0.0125% w/v andmost preferably 0.05% w/v-5.0% w/v.

Polysorbate 80 or another suitable surfactant, such as alcoholsincluding carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, blockpolymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids, ethoxylatedalkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-basedderivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters, mono- andtri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants,propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols,protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives,some of which are listed below in the Detailed Description, may bepresent in concentrations of in certain embodiments in the amount of1.0% w/v or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v,0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v,0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v,0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v,0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v,0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v and0.01-0.0125% w/v.

Pemulen TR-2 or carbomer 1342, or other polymers or polymers of acrylicacid which are well known in the art can be present in the amounts of0.05% w/w or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v,0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v,0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v,0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v,0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v,0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v and0.01-0.0125% w/v.

Glycerine and mannitol, or other tonicity adjusters which are known inthe art, can be present in the amounts of 1.0% w/w or 2.0% w/wrespectively, or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0%w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v,0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2%w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v,0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v,0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v,0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v and0.01-0.0125% w/v.

In one embodiment, the emulsion contains: 1.0% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.05%w/w glycerine, 1.0% w/w castor oil, 0.08% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.5% w/wmannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water. Anotherembodiment includes an emulsion that contains: 1.0% w/w polysorbate 80,1.0% w/w glycerine, 1.25% w/w castor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 2.0%w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.Another emulsion contains: 1.5% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.05% w/w glycerine,0.05% w/w castor oil, 0.08% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.5% w/w mannitol, sodiumhydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water. Another emulsion of thepresent invention contains 1.2% w/w polysorbate 80, 1.0% w/w glycerine,1.50% w/w castor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 2.5% w/w mannitol, sodiumhydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water. Another emulsion of thepresent invention 0.5% w/w polysorbate 80, 1.0% w/w glycerine, 1.25% w/wcastor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.0% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxideto a pH of 7.4 and purified water.

Certain embodiments of the invention include:

1. A composition for use in enhancing nail health, enhancing cuticlehealth, and/or enhancing nail growth in a human or animal, thecomposition comprising at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, andanalog/prodrug/derivative thereof and mixture thereof.

2. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the composition is anoil-in-water emulsion.

3. The composition of embodiment 2, wherein the emulsion comprisescastor oil and a surfactant.

4. The composition of embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the emulsion furthercomprises an anti-inflammatory drug and/or an immunomodulator.

5. The composition of embodiment 4, wherein the anti-inflammatory isketorolac.

6. The composition of embodiment 4, wherein the immunomodulator iscyclosporine A.

7. The composition of any of embodiment 2-6, wherein the emulsioncomprises bimatoprost.

8. The composition of any of embodiments 2-7, wherein the emulsionfurther comprises at least one component selected from the groupconsisting of glycerin, polysorbate 80 and carbomer.

9. The composition of embodiment 8, wherein said carbomer is carbomer1342.

10. The composition of any of embodiments 1-9, comprising 1.0% w/vpolysorbate 80, 2.2% w/v glycerine, 1.25% w/v castor oil, 0.05% w/vpemulin.

11. The composition of any of embodiments 1-9, comprising 0.5%-1.5% w/wpolysorbate 80, 0.5%-1.5% w/w glycerine, 0.5%-1.5% w/w castor oil,0.05%-0.1% w/w carbomer 1342 and mannitol.

12. The composition of any of embodiments 1-12, which is also useful fortreating a disorder of the toenail or fingernail selected from the groupconsisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic naildystrophy, brittle nail syndrome, increasing nail length and thickness,onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis,onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis,onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis,paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis,koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic aciddeficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia, proteindeficiency, brittle and peeling nails, methyl methacrylate damagednails, vitamin C deficiency, vitamin deficiency, tinea unguis, thinningnails associated with lichen planus, Raynaud's disease, beedingassociated with rheumatoid arthritis, beau's lines, and Mee's linesassociated with certain kinds of poisoning.

13. A method of enhancing nail health, enhancing cuticle health and/orenhancing nail growth in a human or animal, the method comprising:

topically applying an oil-in-water emulsion to the nails, cuticles ornail matrix of the human or animal at least once a day, wherein theemulsion comprises at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, andanalog/prodrug/derivative thereof.

14. The method of embodiment 13, wherein the oil-in-water emulsionfurther comprises an anti-inflammatory drug and/or an immunomodulator.

15. The method of any of embodiments 13 or 14, wherein the oil-in-wateremulsion comprises bimatoprost.

16. The method of any of embodiments 13-15, wherein the oil is castoroil and further including the surfactant polysorbate 80.

17. The method of any of embodiments 13-16, further comprisingglycerine.

18. The method of any of embodiments 13-15, wherein the oil is selectedfrom the group consisting of: Anise oil; Castor oil; Clove oil; Cassiaoil; Cinnamon oil; oils having a specific gravity between 0.90 and 0.95;Almond oil; Corn oil; Arachis oil; Cottonseed oil; Safflower oil; Maizeoil; Linseed oil; Rapeseed oil; Soybean oil; Olive oil; Caraway oil;Rosemary oil; Peanut oil; Peppermint oil; Sunflower oil; Eucalyptus oil;Sesame oil; an oil having a specific gravity specific gravity below 0.9;Mineral oil; Coriander oil; Lavender oil; Citronella oil; Juniper oil;Lemon oil; Orange oil; Clary sage oil; Nutmeg oil; and, Tea tree oil.

19. The method of any of embodiments 13-15, wherein the oil-in-wateremulsion further contains a surfactant selected from the groupconsisting of Polysorbate 80, carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols,amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fattyacids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerolesters, lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters,mono- and tri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants,propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols,protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives.

20. The method of any of embodiments 13-15, 18, and 19, wherein the oilis present in a concentration selected from the group consisting of0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v -5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1%w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v,0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1%w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v,0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v,0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v,0.01-0.0125% w/v and most preferably 0.05% w/v-5.0% w/v.

21. The method of any of embodiments 13-15, 18, 19, and 20, wherein thesurfactant is present in a concentration selected from the groupconsisting of 1.0% w/v, 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1%w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v,0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1%w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v,0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v,0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v and0.01-0.0125% w/v.

22. The method of any of embodiments 1-21, which is also useful fortreating a disorder of the toenail and fingernail selected from thegroup consisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriaticnail dystrophy, brittle nail syndrome, increasing nail length andthickness, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis,onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis,onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis,paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis,koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic aciddeficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia, proteindeficiency, brittle and peeling nails, methyl methacrylate damagednails, vitamin C deficiency, vitamin deficiency, tinea unguis, thinningnails associated with lichen planus, Raynaud's disease, beedingassociated with rheumatoid arthritis, beau's lines, and Mee's linesassociated with certain kinds of poisoning.

23. Use of a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition for the manufactureof a medicament for the treatment of a disease selected from the groupconsisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic naildystrophy, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis,onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis,onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis,paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis,koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic aciddeficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia, proteindeficiency, brittle and peeling nails, methyl methacrylate damagednails, vitamin C deficiency, vitamin deficiency, tinea unguis, thinningnails associated with lichen planus, Raynaud's disease, beedingassociated with rheumatoid arthritis, beau's lines, and Mee's lineswherein the composition is an oil-in-water emulsion, and comprises animmunomodulator and/or an anti-inflammatory.

24. The use of embodiment 22, wherein bimatoprost is present in aconcentration selected from the group consisting of 0.1 to 20% w/v,0.1-10% w/v, 0.1-5% w/v, 0.1-1.0% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v,0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v,0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v, 0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08%0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v, 0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v,0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v, 0.01-0.0125% w/v and most preferably0.01 to 0.05% or 0.01% w/v, 0.0125% w/v, 0.02% w/v, 0.03% w/v, 0.04%w/v, 0.05% w/v, 0.06% w/v, 0.07% w/v, 0.08% w/v, 0.09% w/v, 0.1% w/v,0.005% w/v and 0.0015% w/v.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions

As used herein, the following definitions apply:

“Brittle Nail Syndrome” means brittleness, fragility, hangnails,peeling, cracking, raggedness, dullness, thinning, layering, roughness,and/or fraying of the nail.

“Cuticle” or “eponychium” means the thickened layer of skin surroundingthe nail.

“Enhancing nail growth” means an increase in nail growth rate and/ornail thickness.

“Enhancing nail health” or “improving nail health” means a decrease innail pitting, nail cracking, nail splitting, nail dullness, nailroughness, (trachyonychia) nail raggedness, nail peeling, nail fraying,tendency to tear, nail layering (lamellar onychoschizia), Beau's lines,onycohmadesis, oncholysis, onychorrhexis, nail fragility, nailparonychia, nail onychomycosis, and/or Brittle Nail Syndrome. “Enhancingnail health” includes the treatment of Brittle Nail Syndrome.

“Excipients” means any material that is combined with a drug (e.g.“immunomodulator” and/or “anti-inflammatory”) in order to produce a drugdosage form. Such Excipients can be combined, for example, to facilitatedrug delivery. Non-limiting examples of excipients include, for example,water, oils, surfactants and colorants.

“Nail” means toenail and/or fingernail. Nail includes the nail plate,the nail matrix, the nail bed below it, and the nail grooves surroundingit. Nails are made of keratin.

“Safe and effective amount” means an amount of the composition which issufficient to provide a level of treatment to a condition, but is not sogreat as to provide side effects to the user that are so great as tomake treatment medically imprudent.

“Therapeutically effective” or “treatment” in context of a formulationmeans that when applied to the nail according to sound medical practice,it causes a demonstratable effect to enhance nail health, enhancecuticle health, and/or enhance nail growth. Such demonstration can be atthe gross pathological level (e.g. visual improvement of nail health by,for example, reduction in brittleness, peeling, cracking, raggedness,roughness and/or hangnails; and/or measurable increase in nail growth),or subjective level (subject's perception of enhanced nail health,cuticle health and/or nail growth). Therapeutically effective orTreatment can be curative, palliative and/or prophylactic or preventivetreatment.

“%”, in reference to a concentration of a component of a composition,means the ratio of weight of a component to total weight expressed as apercent, unless otherwise stated.

Useful compositions for practicing the invention can be emulsions,colloids, suspensions, semi-solids, solutions, dispersions, capsules,gels, lotions, creams and the like. Compositions of the presentinvention include at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, and/or ananalog prodrug or derivative thereof (e.g. bimatoprost), ananti-inflammatory (e.g. ketorolac), an immunomodulator (e.g.cyclosporine), retinoid (e.g. tazarotene), biotin, and silicone. Incertain embodiments prostaglandin and/or prostamide components can becombined with carriers which form emulsions upon mixing with water.Emulsions are described, for example, and without limitation, in CavanakU.S. Pat. No. 4,388,307, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporatedin its entirety by reference.

The compositions of the present invention are applied topically on thenail by an applicator and in certain embodiments can be administeredonce or multiple times-a-day. In accordance with the present invention,the emulsion formulations work to enhance nail health, enhance cuticlehealth, and/or enhance nail growth. For example, in certain embodimentsthe emulsion formulations work to improve and/or restore nails andcuticles to their natural health (e.g. to thicken, strengthen and smooththe nail), and improved nail growth in thickness and length. Thecompositions of the present invention may be used for treatment ofdisorders of the toenail and fingernail such as Brittle Nail Syndrome,nail psoriasis, psoriatic nail dystrophy, brittle nail syndrome,increasing nail length and thickness, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychiatrophia, onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis,onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium,onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium andpterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or othertrauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patellasyndrome, melanonychia, protein deficiency, brittle and peeling nails,methyl methacrylate damaged nails, vitamin C deficiency, vitamindeficiency, tinea unguis, thinning nails associated with lichen planus,Raynaud's disease, beeding associated with rheumatoid arthritis, beau'slines, and Mee's lines associated with certain kinds of poisoning.

In addition these compositions will contribute to enhance global nailhealth, increase nail strength, increase nail growth rate and thickness,increase cuticle health, decrease brittle nail syndrome, decrease weaknails, decrease nail pitting, decrease nail cracking, decrease nailsplitting, decrease nail dullness, decrease nail roughness,(trachyonychia) decrease nail raggedness, decrease nail peeling,decrease nail fraying, decrease nails tendency to tear, decrease naillayering (lamellar onychoschizia), decrease Beau's lines, decreaseonycohmadesis, decrease oncholysis, decrease onychorrhexis, decreasenail fragility, decrease nail paronychia, and decrease nailonychomycosis.

In alternative embodiments of the present invention such as whencomprising water-in-oil emulsions, the emulsions include hydrophobiccomponents such as a pharmaceutically acceptable oil. The hydrophobiccomponent may be present in an effective amount, for example, in anamount of up to about 0.01%-90% w/v but preferably from about 0.01-10%by w/v, 0.05%-5% w/v, 0.05%-2% w/v or 1.0%-1.5% by w/v. Examples ofuseful pharmaceutically acceptable oils include vegetable oils, animaloils, mineral oils, synthetic oils and the like and mixtures thereof. Inalternate embodiments, the hydrophobic component may comprise or consistof one or higher fatty acid glycerides. In certain embodiments, thehydrophobic component comprises castor oil.

Surfactants may also be present in amounts of up to about 0.01-10% byw/v, 0.05% -5% w/v, 0.05%-2% w/v or 1.0%-1.5% by w/v. Surfactants mayinclude alcohols including carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amineoxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids,ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerol esters,lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters, mono- andtri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants,propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols,protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives,In certain embodiments, the surfactant is a polysorbate and inparticular polysorbate 80, but other surfactants may be used.

Any known pharmaceutically acceptable surfactants may be used, includingnonionic, anionic, cationic, and combinations thereof. Nonionicsurfactants can be used, including those surfactants having ahydrophile/lipophile balance (HLB) of 10 or more. Alternatively, certaincombinations of high- and low-HLB surfactants may be utilized; includingsuch mixed surfactants used in ratio such that the aggregate surfactantHLB (when weighted according to proportions used) remains in excess of10.

Examples of suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to,polyoxyethylene derivatives of natural or hydrogenated vegetable oilssuch as castor oil; polyoxyethylene-sorbitan fatty acid esters, such asmono-, di- and tri-lauryl, palmityl, stearyl and oleyl esters;alkyl/dialykyl sulfate, sulfonate or sulfosuccinate salts such as sodiumlauryl sulfate and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; polyoxyethylene fattyacid esters; phospholipids such as lecithins; transesterificationproducts of natural vegetable oil triglycerides and polyalkylenepolyols; sorbitan fatty acid esters; pentaerythritol fatty acid esters;polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers and esters; and the like. Thesurfactants may be used alone or in combination.

Examples of specific surfactants which may be used include, withoutlimitation, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, such aspolyoxyethylene glycerol triricinoleate polyoxyl 35 castor oil(CREMOPHOR® EL, available from BASF Corporation), and polyoxyl 40hydrogenated castor oil (CREMOPHOR® RH40, available from BASFCorporation); mono-fatty acid esters of poloxyethylene (20) sorbitan,such as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 80),polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (TWEEN® 60), polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monopalmitate (TWEEN® 40), and polyoxyethylene (20)sorbitan monolaurate (TWEEN® 20) (all available from ICI Surfactants,Wilmington, Del.); polyoxyethylene glycol 200 monostearate (MYRJ® 52,available from Calgene Chemicals, Skokie, Ill.); polyglycerol esterswith a HLB of 10 or greater, such as decablyceryl mono- and dioleate andthe like; and mixtures thereof.

In some instances (as when the compositions are prepared assemi-solids), it may be advantageous to use at least one additionallow-HLB surfactant along with one or more of the above high-HLBsurfactant. Examples of low-HLB auxiliary surfactants which may be usedinclude, but are not limited to, polyglycerol oleates (such as CAPROL®10G40); lecithins; glyceryl monooleate or monolinoleate mixtures (suchas MYVEROL® 18-99 or 18-92); propylene glycol laurate; and sorbitanoleates such as sorbitan monooleate (SPAN® 80), sorbitan trioleate(SPAN® 85), and sorbitan sesquioleate (SPAN® 20) (all available from ICISurfactants, Wilmington, Del.). The surfactant phase may comprise about10% to 90% by weight of the composition. In certain embodiments thesurfactant comprises about 20% to about 70% of the composition, andother embodiments about 40% to about 60%, by weight.

(I) Prostaglandins and Prostamides

Prostaglandins are a class of pharmacologically active hormone-likesubstances that mediate a wide range of physiological functionsincluding blood pressure, smooth muscle contraction, inflammation andvascular permeability. A prostaglandin is any member of a group of lipidcompounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and haveimportant functions in the animal body. Every prostaglandin contains 20carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring. Prostaglandins are autocrineand paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium,uterine and mast cells. They are synthesized in the cell from theessential fatty acids (EFAs). EFAs are known to be involved inregulating water loss through the outer layers of the skin and nails.Poor nail health and nail growth are characterized by high water lossthroughout the nail, as well as inflammation of the cuticle andsurrounding tissue. One example of an EFA is linoleic acid (LA). An LAderivative, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is known to reduce inflammation,and prostaglandins are known to regulate inflammatory mediation. Thepresent invention recognizes that LA, GLA and prostaglandins may allplay a role in nail health. One of the factors in poor nail health,brittle nail syndrome and poor nail growth may be the disruption of theconversion of LA to GLA and the consequential biological inhibition ofthe respective prostaglandins. In at least one embodiment of the presentinvention, the topical application of prostaglandins are used to enhancenail health, treat brittle nail syndrome and/or enhance nail growth.

There are nine types of prostaglandins, designated by the letters A toI, the degree of saturation of the side chain of each being designatedby subscripts 1, 2, and 3. Examples of prostaglandins include, withoutlimitation, prostaglandin E₁ (alprostadil), prostaglandin E₂(dinoprostone), latanoprost and travoprost. Latanoprost and travoprostare actually prostaglandin prodrugs (i.e. 1-isopropyl esters of aprostaglandin) however, they are referred to as prostaglandins becausethey act on the prostaglandin F receptor, after being hydrolyzed to the1-carboxylic acid.

A prostamide (also called a prostaglandin-ethanolamide) is aprostaglandin analog, which is pharmacologically unique from aprostaglandin (i.e. because prostamides act on a different cell receptor[the prostamide receptor] than do prostaglandins), and is a neutrallipid formed as a product of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (“COX-2”) enzymeoxygenation of an endocannabinoid (such as anandamide). Additionally,prostamides do not hydrolyze in-situ to the 1-carboxylic acid. Examplesof prostamides are bimatoprost (the synthetically made ethyl amide of17-phenyl prostaglandin F_(2α)) and prostamide F_(2α).

Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of thecompounds of the invention are those formed from acids which formnon-toxic addition salts containing pharmaceutically acceptable anions,such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate, orbisulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate,oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, saccharate and p-toluenesulphonate salts.

As used herein the term “derivatives” of a prostaglandin or prostamiderefer to compounds having structures sufficiently similar to theprostaglandin or prostamide so as to function in a manner substantiallysimilar to or substantially identical to the prostaglandin orprostamide.

The prostamide component of certain embodiments of the present inventioncomprises a compound having the formula:

wherein the dashed bonds represent a single or double bond which can bein the cis or trans configuration, A is an alkylene or alkenyleneradical having from two to six carbon atoms, which radical may beinterrupted by one or more oxide radicals and substituted with one ormore hydroxy, oxo, alkyloxy or alkylcarboxy groups wherein said alkylradical comprises from one to six carbon atoms; B is a cycloalkylradical having from three to seven carbon atoms, or an aryl radical,selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl aryl and heteroarylradicals having from four to ten carbon atoms wherein the heteroatom isselected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms;X is —N(R⁴)₂ wherein R⁴ is independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl radicals having from one to sixcarbon atoms, Z is ═O; one of R₁ and R₂ is ═O, —OH or a —O(CO)R₆ group,and the other one is —OH or —O(CO)R₆, or R₁ is ═O and R₂ is H; whereinR₆ is a saturated or unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having from 1to about 20 carbon atoms, or —(CH₂)_(m)R₇ wherein m is 0-10, and R₇ iscycloalkyl radical, having from three to seven carbon atoms, or ahydrocarbyl aryl or heteroaryl, as defined above; or apharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof or apharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof.

In certain embodiments the prostamide has the following formula:

wherein y is 0 or 1, x is 0 or 1 and x+y are not both 1, Y is a radicalselected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, nitro, amino, thiol,hydroxy, alkyloxy, alkylcarboxy and halo substituted alkyl, wherein saidalkyl radical comprises from one to six carbon atoms, n is 0 or aninteger of from 1 to 3 and R₃ is ═O, —OH or —O(CO)R₆ and hatched linesindicate the α configuration and solid triangles indicate the βconfiguration.

In at least one embodiment the prostamide comprises a compound whereinR₁, R₂ and R₃ are OH, y is 1, x is 0, n is 0 and X is N(H)(C₂H₅),e.g.cyclopentane N-ethylheptenamide-5-cis-2-(3α-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-trans-pentenyl)-3,5-dihy-droxy,[1_(α),2_(β),3_(α),5_(α)].

The compound, cyclopentane N-ethylheptenamide-5-cis-2-(3α-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-trans-pentenyl)-3,5-dih-ydroxy,[1_(α),2_(β),3_(α),5_(α)], is also known as bimatoprost and is publiclyavailable in a topical ophthalmic solution under the tradename, Lumigan®(Allergan, Inc., CA).

Alternatively, the prostamide may be any of the prostamides disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 6,395,787, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

The chemical structure for bimatoprost is represented by the followingformula:

In at least one embodiment the composition comprises bimatoprost,travoprost, latanoprost, salts thereof, analogs thereof, derivativesthereof, and/or mixtures thereof.

(II) Immunomodulators

An immunomodulator, also known as an immunotherapy is a substance (e.g.a drug) which has an effect on the immune system. Immunomodulators maybe used in compositions of the present invention, and includeimmunosuppressants, immunostimulants and tolerogens. Immunosuppressantsinhibit immune response, for example, in autoimmune diseases.Immunostimulants increase the immune response, and can be useful, forexample, in infections, immunodeficiency and cancers. Tolerogens inducetolerance and make tissue non-responsive to antigen.

Immunomomodulators that can be used in compositions of the presentinvention include and are not limited to: cyclosporine, tacrolimus,azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, chlorambucil,mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone, muromonab CD3, antithymocyte globin(ATG), Rho (D) immuneglobin, efalizumab, levamisole, thalidomide, andmixtures thereof. In at least one embodiment, the immunomodulator usedin the composition is cyclosporine.

Cyclosporine

As stated previously, the compositions of the present invention maycontain cyclosporine or other active compounds. Cyclosporines are agroup of nonpolar cyclic oligopeptides with known immunosuppressantactivity. Cyclosporine A, along with several other minor metabolites, aswell as cyclosporine B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R,S, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z, have been identified. In addition,derivatives, salts and the like of such cyclosporines and a number ofsynthetic analogs have been prepared and may be useful in the presentinvention. The use of cyclosporine-A and cyclosporine A derivatives totreat ophthalmic conditions has been the subject of various patents, forexample Ding et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,474,979; Garst U.S. Pat. Nos.6,254,860; 6,350,442, and 7,368,436; the disclosure of each of which isincorporated in its entirely herein by reference.

In general, commercially available cyclosporines may contain a mixtureof several individual cyclosporines which all share a cyclic peptidestructure consisting of eleven amino acid residues with a totalmolecular weight of about 1,200, but with different substituents orconfigurations of some of the amino acids.

The term “cyclosporine component” as used herein is intended to includeany individual member of the cyclosporine group, salts thereof,derivatives thereof, analogs thereof and mixtures thereof, as well asmixtures of two or more individual cyclosporines salts thereof,derivatives thereof, analogs thereof and mixtures thereof.

In certain embodiments, cyclosporine components include, withoutlimitation, cyclosporine A, derivatives of cyclosporine A, salts ofcyclosporine A and the like and mixtures thereof. Cyclosporine A is auseful cyclosporine component.

The chemical structure for cyclosporine A is represented by Formula 1:

As used herein the term “derivatives” of a cyclosporine refer tocompounds having structures sufficiently similar to the cyclosporine soas to function in a manner substantially similar to or substantiallyidentical to the cyclosporine, for example, cyclosporine A, in thepresent methods. Included, without limitation, within the usefulcyclosporine A derivatives are those selected from((R)-methylthio-Sar)³-(4′-hydroxy-MeLeu) cyclosporine A,((R)-(Cyclo)alkylthio-Sar)³-(4′-hydroxy-MeLeu)⁴-cyclosporine A, and((R)-(Cyclo)alkylthio-Sar)³-cyclosporine A derivatives described below.

These cyclosporine derivatives are represented by the following generalformulas (II), (III), and (IV) respectively:

wherein Me is methyl; Alk is 2-6C alkylene or 3-6C cycloalkylene; R isOH, COOH, alkoxycarbonyl, —NR₁R₂ or N(R₃)—(CH₂)—NR₁R₂; wherein R₁,R₂ isH, alkyl, 3-6C cycloalkyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by halo,alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino), benzyl orsaturated or unsaturated heterocyclyl having 5 or 6 members and 1-3heteroatoms; or NR₁R₂ is a 5 or 6 membered heterocycle which may containa further N, O or S heteroatom and may be alkylated; R₃ is H or alkyland n is 2-4; and the alkyl moieties contain 1-4C.

(III) Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

An anti-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory drug is one or moredermatologically acceptable agents with anti-inflammatory activity whichincludes agents that blunt an inflammatory reaction, irrespective to theunderlying mechanism (e.g. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis,leukotriene production, macrophage function, etc). Anti-inflammatorydrugs that can be used in the present invention include and are notlimited to small molecules with elucidated structures (e.g. anonsteroidal inflammatory drug or NSAID), and include polymorphs,crystal habits thereof, prodrugs and isomers thereof (including optical,geometric and tautomeric isomers), enantiomers, salts, solvates andcomplexes thereof and solvates and complexes of salts thereof.

Anti-inflammatory drugs which may be used in the compositions of thepresent invention include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs), steroids (e.g. corticosteroids), and biological or botanicalextracts or preparations.

Specific examples of NSAIDs that can be used in compositions of thepresent invention include, without limitation, acetylsalicylic acid,alclofenac, alminoprofen, benoxaprofen, butibufen, bucloxic acid,bufexamac, carprofen, celecoxib, clidenac, diclofenac, diflunisal,entiazac, etodolac, etofenamate, felbinac, fenbufen, fenoprofen,fentiazic, fepradinol, flufenamic acid, flufenasol, flurbiprofen,furofenac, ibufenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, indoprofen, isoxepac,isoxicam, ketoprofen, ketorolac, meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid,meloxicam, miroprofen, naproxen, niflumic, oxaprozin, oxyphenbutazone,oxpinac, parecoxib, phenylbutazone, piclamilast, piketoprofen,piroxicam, pirprofen, pranoprofen, rofecoxib, sonixin, sudoxicam,sulindac, suprofen, suxibuzone, tenclofenac, tiaprofenic acid,tolfenamic acid, tolmetin, tramadol, valdecoxib, zomepirac,pharmacologically active basic addition salts thereof, and mixturesthereof. In at least one embodiment, the NSAID used in the compositionis ketorolac.

Ketorolac

Ketorolac is a NSAID in the family of heterocyclic acetic acidderivative. Ketorolac acts by inhibiting the bodily synthesis ofprostaglandins by competitive blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase.Ketorolac is an isostere of ketoprofen. More precisely, it is adihydropyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related toindomethacin. Derivatives, salts and the like of ketorolac have beenprepared and may be useful in the present invention. In at least oneembodiment, the tromethamine salt of ketorolac is used in a compositionof the present invention. Systematic (IUPAC) name of ketorolac:(±)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid,2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol.

The chemical structure of ketorolac is represented by:

(IV) Oils

Oils which may be used in the compositions of the present invention, inparticular emulsions, and which may be used in combinations of oilsincluding two or more oils and in combination with surfactants, incombinations of two or more surfactants, include but are not limited to:

Anise oil; Castor oil; Clove oil; Cassia oil; Cinnamon oil; oils havinga specific gravity between 0.90 and 0.95; Almond oil; Corn oil; Arachisoil; Cottonseed oil; Safflower oil; Maize oil; Linseed oil; Rapeseedoil; Soybean oil; Olive oil; Caraway oil; Rosemary oil; Peanut oil;Peppermint oil; Sunflower oil; Eucalyptus oil; Sesame oil; an oil havinga specific gravity specific gravity below 0.9; Mineral oil; Corianderoil; Lavender oil; Citronella oil; Juniper oil; Lemon oil; Orange oil;Clary sage oil; Nutmeg oil; and Tea tree oil.

(V) Surfactants

Surfactants which may be used in the present invention in combinationwith one or more oils and in combination with one or more surfactants,include, but are not limited to:

Alcohols, including but not limited to:

Diglycerol®, which is available from Solvay Chemicals, Inc.; HetoxideGT-80®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.; Lexemul BEO®, whichis available from Inolex Chemical Co.; Polyglycerol-3®, which isavailable from Solvay Chemicals, Inc.; Redicote E Series®, which isavailable from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Simulsol OX 1005L®,which is available from Seppic Inc.; Stanfax 567®, which is availablefrom Para-Chem Standard Div.; TA-1618®, which is available from Procter& Gamble; and Witconol H-31A®, which is available from Akzo NobelSurface Chemistry LLC.

Amine Oxides, including but not limited to:

AO-405®, which is available from Tomah Products®, Inc.; AO-455®, whichis available from Tomah Products®, Inc.; AO 728 Special®, which isavailable from Tomah Products®, Inc.; Barlox 12®, which is availablefrom Lonza Inc.; Barlox 14®, which is available from Lonza Inc.;Burcoxide Lo®, which is available from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.;Caloxamine LO®, which is available from Pilot Chemical Co.; ChemoxideCAW®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemoxide LM-30®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemoxide LO®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemoxide MO®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Colalux CAO-35®, which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.; ColaluxLO®, which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.; DeMox CAPO®, whichis available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; DeMox CSG-30®, which isavailable from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; DeMox LAO®, which isavailable from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; Emcol L®, which is availablefrom Crompton Corp.; Empigen OB®, which is available from Huntsman LLC;Empigen OS/A®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; Foamox CDO®, whichis available from Alzo International, Inc.; Foamox DMM®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Foamox DMS®, which is availablefrom Alzo International, Inc.; Genaminox KC®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Genaminox LA®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Hartofoam SAO®, which is available from Hart ChemicalCorp.; Hartox DMCD®, which is available from Hart Chemical Corp.;Lipowax DAT®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipowax PBPastilles®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Mackamine C8®,which is available from The McIntyre Group; Mackamine C10®, which isavailable from The McIntyre Group; Mackamine C14®, which is availablefrom The McIntyre Group; Mackamine CAO®, which is available from TheMcIntyre Group; Mackamine CO®, which is available from The McIntyreGroup; Mackamine LO®, which is available from The McIntyre Group;Mackamine O2®, which is available from The McIntyre Group; MackamineSAO®, which is available from The McIntyre Group; Mackamine SO®, whichis available from The McIntyre Group; Mazox KCAO®, which is availablefrom BASF Corp.; Monalac MO®, which is available from Uniqema; NorfoxLDA®, which is available from Norman, Fox & Co.; Rhodamox LO®, which isavailable from Rhodia, Inc.; Schercamox C-AA®, which is available fromNoveon®, Inc.; Schercamox DMA®, which is available from Noveon®, Inc.;Schercamox DML®, which is available from Noveon®, Inc.; Schercamox DMM®,which is available from Noveon®, Inc.; Schercamox DMS®, which isavailable from Noveon®, Inc.; Tegotens DO®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tomah AO-14-2®, which is available fromTomah Products®, Inc.; Triaminox CDO®, which is available from Tri-TexCo.®, Inc.; Mazox CDA CG®; and Standamox CAW®.

Block Polymers, including, but not limited to:

AL 2070®, which is available from Uniqema; Antarox 17-R-2®, which isavailable from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox 25-R-2®, which is available fromRhodia, Inc.; Antarox 31-R-1®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.;Antarox P-84®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox P-104/H®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Arnox BP-Series®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Chemonic 435®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic D-25®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Chemonic PL Series®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; EthoxL-121®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Ethox L-122®,which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Genapol PF-10®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Genapol PF-20®, which is availablefrom Clariant Corporation; Genapol PF-40A®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Norfox 2-LF®, which is available from Norman, Fox& Co.; Pluronic, which is available from BASF; Simulsol NW 342®, whichis available from Seppic Inc.; T-Det BP-1®, which is available fromHarcros Chemicals Inc.; T-Det XD®, which is available from HarcrosChemicals Inc.; T-Det XH®, which is available from Harcros ChemicalsInc.; Triton CF-32®, which is available from Dow Chemical Company;Witconol 171®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Witconol 324®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Witconol 324D®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface ChemistryLLC; Witconol PD-2000®, which is available from Akzo Nobel SurfaceChemistry LLC; Chemal BP 261®; Chemal BP 262®; Chemal BP 3172®; ChemalBP 3174®; Pluronic 10R5®; Pluronic 1782®; Pluronic 17R4®; Pluronic2582®; Pluronic 25R4®; Pluronic 31R1®; Pluronic F108®; Pluronic F127®;Pluronic F38®; Pluronic F68®; Pluronic F68LF®; Pluronic F77®; PluronicF87®; Pluronic F88®; Pluronic F98®; Pluronic L10®; Pluronic L101®;Pluronic L121®; Pluronic L31®; Pluronic L35®; Pluronic L43®; PluronicL44®; Pluronic L61®; Pluronic L62®; Pluronic L62D®; Pluronic L62LF®;Pluronic L64®; Pluronic L81®; Pluronic L92®; Pluronic P103®; PluronicP104®; Pluronic P105®; Pluronic P123®; Pluronic P65®; Pluronic P84®;Pluronic P85®; Surfonic POA-17R2®; Surfonic POA-2582®; Tetronic 1107®;Tetronic 1307®; Tetronic 150R1®; Tetronic 304®; Tetronic 701®; Tetronic901®; Tetronic 904®; Tetronic 908®; and Tetronic 90R4®.

Carboxylated Alcohols or Alkylphenol Ethoxylates, including but notlimited to,

Emcol CN-6®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Ethcarb®, which isavailable from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Gemtex WNT-Conc®, which isavailable from Finetex Inc.; Incrodet TD7-C®, which is available fromCroda Inc.; Marlinat CM 105/80®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 1072®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4530®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4530 LF®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4534®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4538®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4539®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4539 LF®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Marlowet 4541®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Miranate LEC-80®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.;Sandopan B®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Sandopan BModified®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Sandopan LS-24Gel®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Surfine T-A®, whichis available from Finetex Inc.; and Surfine AZI-A.

Carboxylic Acids/Fatty Acids, including, but not limited to:

Colaterge RAM®, which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.; ColatropeINC®, which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.; Crodacid B®, whichis available from Croda Inc.; DeTrope CA-100®, which is available fromDeForest Enterprises, Inc.; Latol MTO®, which is available fromGeorgia-Pacific Corp.; Lumulse CC-33 K®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Mulls 2218®, which is available from Bernel ChemicalCo.®, Inc.; OL-600®, which is available from Procter & Gamble; OL-800®,which is available from Procter & Gamble; R-910®, which is availablefrom Procter & Gamble; S-210®, which is available from Procter & Gamble;Sandopan DTC Acid®, which is available from Clariant Corporation;Sandopan LS 24 N®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; andSandopan MA-18®, which is available from Clariant Corporation.

Ethoxylated Alcohols, including, but not limited to,

Adsee 799®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Adsee 799®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Alfonic 610-3.5®,which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 810-2®, whichis available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 810-6®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1012-3®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1012-5®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1216CO-1.5®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1216CO-7®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1412-3®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1412-7®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Arlasolve 200®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Arlasolve 200 Liquid®, which is available fromUniqema; Armix 180-C®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Armix183®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Armul 2404®, which isavailable from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Armul 2404®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Atlas EMJ-C®, which is available fromAtlas Refinery Inc.; Atlas G-2109®, which is available from Uniqema;Atlas G-3886®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-3890®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Bio Soft E-200®, which is available from StepanCanada Inc.; Bio Soft E-300®, which is available from Stepan CanadaInc.; Bio Soft E-400®, which is available from Stepan Canada Inc.; BioSoft EN 600®, which is available from Stepan Canada Inc.; Bio SoftTD-400®, which is available from Stepan Canada Inc.; Bio Soft TD-630®,which is available from Stepan Canada Inc.; Brij 30®, which is availablefrom Uniqema; Brij 52®, which is available from Uniqema; Brij 56®, whichis available from Uniqema; Brij 58®, which is available from Uniqema;Brij 72®, which is available from Uniqema; Brij 76®, which is availablefrom Uniqema; Brij 78®, which is available from Uniqema; Brij 93®, whichis available from Uniqema; Brij 97®, which is available from Uniqema;Brij 98®, which is available from Uniqema; Brij 700®, which is availablefrom Uniqema; Brij 700 S®, which is available from Uniqema; Brij 721®,which is available from Uniqema; Brij 721 S®, which is available fromUniqema; Burcoterge CDG®, which is available from Burlington ChemicalCo.®, Inc.; Canasol AT 600®, which is available from Canamex QuimicosS.A de C.v; Canasol AT 800®, which is available from Canamex QuimicosS.A de C.v; Canasol AT 1200®, which is available from Canamex QuimicosS.A de C.v; Canasol BJ 35®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.Ade C.v; Canasol BJ 36®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 52®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 58®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 72®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 78®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 98®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Canasol BJ 307®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A deC.v; Cerfak 1400®, which is available from Houghton International Inc.;Cetomacrogol 1000 BP®, which is available from Croda Inc.; ChemonicC-2®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic C-10®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic C-20®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic CT-12®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Chemonic CT-20®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic CT-30®,which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic CT-55®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic G-7®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic G-26®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Chemonic L-4®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic L-7®,which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic L-12®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic L-23®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic O-2®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Chemonic O-5®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic O-10®,which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic O-20®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic S-2®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic 5-10®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Chemonic S-20®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Colamulse FE®,which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.; Cremophor A 20®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Cremophor SA 2®, which is available from BASFCorp.; Dehydrol 100®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.;Dehydrol O-4®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; DeIonicC-18®, which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; DeSonic 6T®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 9D®, which is availablefrom Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 9T®, which is available from CromptonCorp.; DeSonic 12D®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic12T®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 15T®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic TDA-9®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; DeThox GLG-7®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; DeThox GLG-26®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; DeThox LA-4®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; DeThox LA-23®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; DeThox SA-80®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; Disponil 05®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Eccoterge EO-41B®, which is available from Eastern Color &Chemical Co.; Empilan KA2.5/90®, which is available from Huntsman LLC;Empilan KA5/90®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; Empilan KM-20®,which is available from Huntsman LLC; Empilan KM-50®, which is availablefrom Huntsman LLC; Empilan L-23®, which is available from Huntsman LLC;Ethylan 25-3®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Ethylan 1204®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Ethylan DA-4®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Ethylan LA-230®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface ChemistryLLC; Ethylan SN®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface ChemistryLLC; Ethylan TD-60®, which is available from Akzo Nobel SurfaceChemistry LLC; Ethylan TD-100®, which is available from Akzo NobelSurface Chemistry LLC; Ethylan TD-1407®, which is available from AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Eumulgin B1®, which is available fromCognis Canada Corp.; Eumulgin B2®, which is available from Cognis CanadaCorp.; Eumulgin B3®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.;Eumulgin O-10®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Flo Mo80/20®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Flo Mo Low Foam®, whichis available from Crompton Corp.; Forlan C-24®, which is available fromRITA Corp.; Genapol 1454®, which is available from Clariant Corporation;Genapol BA-020®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; GenapolBA-040®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Genapol C-100®,which is available from Clariant Corporation; Genapol DA 060®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Genapol HS 020®, which is availablefrom Clariant Corporation; Genapol HS 200®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Genapol ID-040®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol ID-060®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol ID-090®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 010®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 020®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 030®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 040®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 050®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 060®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 070®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 070S®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol LA 230®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol O 020®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol O 050®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol O 100®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol O 200®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol SA 030®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol SA 120®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol T-020®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-030®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-050®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-070®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-079®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-080®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol UD-110®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 030®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 050®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 060®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 070®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 080®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X 100®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol X159®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Generol 122 E5®, which is available from Cognis CanadaCorp.; Generol 122 E25®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.;Hostacerin T-3®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Iconol LF110®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Incropol CS-20®, which isavailable from Croda Inc.; Lexemul CS-20®, which is available fromInolex Chemical Co.; Liponic EG-1®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lipowax D®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals,Inc.; Lipowax G®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; LipowaxNI®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipowax P®, which isavailable from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipowax P-31®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipowax PR®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lumulse CS-20®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Macol CSA-20®, which is available from BASF Corp.;Marlox B 24/50®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.;Mazawet 77®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Norfox 1713®, which isavailable from Norman, Fox & Co.; Norfox 2579®, which is available fromNorman, Fox & Co.; Norfox Lo Foam®, which is available from Norman, Fox& Co.; Promulgen D®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; PromulgenG®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Renex 30®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Renex 36®, which is available from Uniqema;Rhodasurf A 24®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; RhodasurfAAE-10®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf BEH-25®, whichis available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf BEH-40®, which is availablefrom Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf DA 530®, which is available from Rhodia,Inc.; Rhodasurf DA 630®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; RhodasurfDA 639®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf LAN-23®, whichis available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf ON-870®, which is availablefrom Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf ON-877®, which is available from Rhodia,Inc.; Rhodasurf TB-970 FLK®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.;Ritacet-20®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritachol 1000®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Ritachol 2000®, which is available fromRITA Corp.; Ritachol 5000®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritox35®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Surfonic DA-4®, which isavailable from Huntsman LLC; Surfonic DA-6®, which is available fromHuntsman LLC; Surfonic L46-7®, which is available from Huntsman LLC;Surfonic POA®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; Synthrapol KB®,which is available from Uniqema; Teginacid®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Teginacid C®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegotens EC 11®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tinegal NA®, which is available from CibaSpecialty Chemicals Corp.; Tomadol 400®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Tomadol 600®, which is available from Tomah Products®,Inc.; Tomadol 900®, which is available from Tomah Products®, Inc.;Uniperol O®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Witconol SN Series®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; T-Det EPO-64®; T-Det N-1.5®;T-Det N-10.5®; T-Det N-100®; T-Det N-1007®; T-Det N-12®; T-Det N-14®;T-Det N-20®; T-Det N-30®; T-Det N-307®; T-Det N-4®; T-Det N-40®; T-DetN-407®; T-Det N-50®; T-Det N-507®; T-Det N-6®; T-Det N-70®; T-Det N-8®;T-Det N-9.5®; T-Det O-12®; Abex 2515®; Abex 2525/40®; Abex 2535®; Abex2545®; Alfonic 1216C₀₋₉®; Alfonic 1412-3®; Alfonic TDA-12®; AlfonicTDA-3®; Alfonic TDA-4®; Alfonic TDA-6®; Alfonic TDA-7®; Alfonic TDA-8®;Alfonic TDA-9®; Ameroxol OE-10®; Ameroxol OE-2®; Ameroxol OE-20®; Armix176®; Armix 180-C®; Armix 183®; Brij 35®; Brij 35 Liquid®; Brij 35 SP®;Canasol MJ 2109®; Canasol MJ 52®; Canasol R 3600®; Canasol R 3603®;Canasol R 4000 H®; Chemal DA-4®; Chemal DA-6®; Chemal DA-9®; ChemalLA-23®; Chemal LA-4®; Chemal LA-9®; Chemal OA-20G®; Chemal OA-5®; ChemalOA-9®; Chemal TDA-12®; Chemal TDA-15®; Chemal TDA-3®; Chemal TDA-6®;Chemal TDA-9®; DeSonic TDA-9®; Ethal EH-2®; Ethal EH-5®; Ethal OA-23®;Ethosperse CA-20®; Ethosperse LA-12®; Ethosperse LA-23®; EthosperseLA-4®; Ethylan SN-120®; Ethylan SN-70®; Ethylan SN-90®; Generol 122E25®; Hetoxol C-24®; Hetoxol CA-10®; Hetoxol CA-2®; Hetoxol CA-20®;Hetoxol CAWS®; Hetoxol CD-3®; Hetoxol CD-4®; Hetoxol CS-15®; HetoxolCS-20®; Hetoxol CS-20D®; Hetoxol CS-25®; Hetoxol CS-50®; Hetoxol CS-9®;Hetoxol CSA-15®; Hetoxol D®; Hetoxol G®; Hetoxol J®; Hetoxol L®; HetoxolL-23®; Hetoxol L-4®; Hetoxol L-9®; Hetoxol LS-9®; Hetoxol M-3®; HetoxolOA-10 Special®; Hetoxol OA-20 Special®; Hetoxol OA-3 Special®; HetoxolOA-5 Special®; Hetoxol OL-10®; Hetoxol OL-2®; Hetoxol OL-23®; HetoxolOL-4®; Hetoxol OL-40®; Hetoxol OL-5®; Hetoxol PLA®; Hetoxol SP-15®;Hetoxol STA-10®; Hetoxol STA-2®; Hetoxol STA-30®; Hetoxol TD-12®;Hetoxol TD-18®; Hetoxol TD-3®; Hetoxol TD-6®; Hetoxol TD-9®; HetoxolTDEP-15®; Hetoxol TDEP-63®; Iconol 24-12®; Iconol 24-23®; Iconol 24-4®;Iconol DA-4®; Iconol DA-6®; Iconol TDA-10®; Iconol TDA-3®; IconolTDA-6®; Iconol TDA-8-90%®; Iconol TDA-9®; Lexemul CS-20®; Lipocol C-10®;Lipocol C-2®; Lipocol C-20®; Lipocol L-12®; Lipocol L-23®; Lipocol L-4®;Lipocol O-10®; Lipocol O-2®; Lipocol O-20®; Lipocol O-5®; Lipocol S-10®;Lipocol S-2®; Lipocol S-20®; Lipocol SC-15®; Lipocol SC-20®; LipocolSC-4®; Lipocol TD-12®; Marlox B 24/80®; Myrj 45®; Myrj 52®; Myrj 52S®;Myrj 53®; Myrj 59®; Plurafac A-38®; Plurafac B-25-5®; Plurafac B-26®;Plurafac D-25®; Plurafac LF 131®; Plurafac LF 4030®; Plurafac LF 7000®;Plurafac RA-20®; Plurafac RA-30®; Plurafac RA-40®; Rhodasurf BC-420®;Rhodasurf BC-610®; Rhodasurf BC-630®; Rhodasurf BC-720®; RhodasurfBC-840®; Rhodasurf L1®; Rhodasurf L 12®; Rhodasurf L 2®; Rhodasurf L20®; Rhodasurf L 3®; Rhodasurf L 30®; Rhodasurf L 4®; Rhodasurf L 50®;Rhodasurf L 7/90®; Rhodasurf LA-3®; Rhodasurf LA-7®; Rhodasurf LAN-23®;Rhodasurf ON-870®; Rhodasurf ON-877®; Rhodasurf TDA-8/5®; Ritapro 100®;Ritapro 165®; Ritapro 200®; Ritapro 300®; Ritoleth 10®; Ritoleth 2®;Ritoleth 20®; Ritoleth 5®; Solulan 16®; Solulan 75®; Solulan C-24®;Solulan L-575®; Surfonic TDA-11®; Surfonic TDA-3B®; Surfonic TDA-6®;Surfonic TDA-6/88®; Surfonic TDA-8®; Surfonic TDA-8/90®; SurfonicTDA-9®; T-Det A106®; T-Det A109®; T-Det A136®; T-Det A139®; T-DetA2412®; T-Det A243®; T-Det A247®; T-Det A249®; T-Det A467®; T-Det COE®;T-Det DD-10®; T-Det DD-5®; T-Det DD-7®; T-Det EPO-104®; T-Det EPO-61®;T-Det EPO-62®; T-Det O-165®; T-Det O-307®; T-Det O-40®; T-Det O-407®;T-Det O-6®; T-Det O-8®; T-Det O-9®; Tergitol 15-S-12®; Tergitol15-S-15®; Tergitol 15-S-20®; Tergitol 15-S-20 (80AQ)®; Tergitol 15-S-3®;Tergitol 15-S-30®; Tergitol 15-S-40®; Tergitol 15-S-40 (70AQ)®; Tergitol15-S-5®; Tergitol 15-S-7®; Tergitol 15-S-9®; Tergitol L-101®; TergitolL-61®; Tergitol L-62®; Tergitol L-64®; Tergitol L-81®; Tergitol NP-10®;Tergitol NP-11®; Tergitol NP-12®; Tergitol NP-13®; Tergitol NP-15®;Tergitol NP-30®; Tergitol NP-30 (70 AQ)®; Tergitol NP-4®; TergitolNP-40®; Tergitol NP-40 (70 AQ)®; Tergitol NP-50 (70 AQ)®; Tergitol NP-55(70 AQ)®; Tergitol NP-6®; Tergitol NP-7®; Tergitol NP-70 (70 AQ)®;Tergitol NP-8®; Tergitol NP-9®; Tergitol NP-9.5®; Tergitol TMN-10®;Tergitol TMN-3®; Tergitol TMN-6®; Tergitol XD®; Tergitol XH®; TergitolXJ®; Tornadol 1-3®; Tornadol 1-5®; Tornadol 1-7®; Tornadol 23-1®;Tornadol 23-3®; Tornadol 23-5®; Tornadol 23-6.5®; Tornadol 25-12®;Tornadol 25-3®; Tornadol 25-7®; Tornadol 25-9®; Tornadol 45-13®;Tornadol 45-2.5®; Tornadol 45-7®; Tornadol 91-2.5®; Tornadol 91-6®;Tornadol 91-8®; Volpo S-10®; Volpo S-2®; Volpo S-20®; Volpo-10®;Volpo-20®; Volpo-3®; and Volpo-5®.

Ethoxylated Alkylphenols, including, but not limited to:

Antarox LF-222®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Atlox 775®, whichis available from Uniqema; Caloxylate N-9®, which is available fromPilot Chemical Co.; Canasol NF-1000®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol NF-3000®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol NF-3070®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 1670®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 2570®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 4070®, which is available from CanamexQuimicos S.A de C.v; Chemax DNP-8®, which is available from ChemaxPerformance Solutions; Chemax DNP-18®, which is available from ChemaxPerformance Solutions; Chemax DNP-150/50®, which is available fromChemax Performance Solutions; DeSonic 1.5N®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; DeSonic 4N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.;DeSonic 5N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 6D®, whichis available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 6N®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; DeSonic 7N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.;DeSonic 9N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 10D®, whichis available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 11N®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; DeSonic 12N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.;DeSonic 15N®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 20N®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; Eccoscour RC®, which isavailable from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.; Eccoterge EO-100®, which isavailable from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.; Emulsifier 632/90%®, whichis available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Geronol AG-821®, which isavailable from Rhodia, Inc.; Gradonic N-95®, which is available fromGraden Chemical Co. Inc.; Hetoxide NP-4®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide NP-30®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hostapal N-100®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Hostapal N-110®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Igepal CTA-639W®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.;Igepal DAP-9®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Igepal OD-410®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Igepal SS-837®, which is availablefrom Rhodia, Inc.; Lipocol NP-9 USP®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Macol DNP-10®, which is available from BASF Corp.;Marlophen NP 5®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.;Marlophen P1®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.;Surfonic NB®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; Surfonic OPB-307®,which is available from Huntsman LLC; Surfonic OPB-407®, which isavailable from Huntsman LLC; Syn Fac 334®, which is available fromMilliken Chemical; Syn Fac 8216®, which is available from MillikenChemical; Triton N-57®, which is available from Dow Chemical Company;Trycol 6956®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Trycol 6961®,which is available from Cognis Corporation; Trycol 6964®, which isavailable from Cognis Corporation; Trycol 6969®, which is available fromCognis Corporation; Trycol 6974®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Witbreak DRB-127®, which is available from Akzo NobelSurface Chemistry LLC; Witbreak DRB-127®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; and Witconol NP Series®, which is available from AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Delonic NPE-100®; Delonic NPE-30®; DelonicNPE-40®; Delonic OPE-10®; Delonic OPE-12®; Delonic OPE-30®; DelonicOPE-40®; Delonic OPE-5®; Delonic OPE-7.5®; DeSonic S-100®; DeSonicS-114®; DeSonic S-405®; DeSonic S-45®; Igepal CA-210®; Igepal CA-407®;Igepal CA-420®; Igepal CA-520®; Igepal CA-620®; Igepal CA-630®; IgepalCA-720®; Igepal CA-877®; Igepal CA-887®; Igepal CA-897®; Igepal CO-210®;Igepal CO-430®; Igepal CO-520®; Igepal CO-530®; Igepal CO-610®; IgepalCO-630®; Igepal CO-630 Special®; Igepal CO-660®; Igepal CO-710®; IgepalCO-720®; Igepal CO-730®; Igepal CO-738®; Igepal CO-850®; Igepal CO-880®;Igepal CO-887®; Igepal CO-890®; Igepal CO-897®; Igepal CO-970®; IgepalCO-977®; Igepal CO-987®; Igepal CO-990 FLK®; Igepal CO-997®; IgepalDM-430®; Igepal DM-530®; Igepal DM-710®; Igepal DM-730®; Igepal DM-880®;Igepal DM-970 FLK®; Igepal OD-410®; Igepal RC-520®; Igepal RC-620®;Igepal RC-630®; Norfox NP-12®; Norfox NP-4®; Norfox NP-6®; NorfoxNP-887®; Norfox NP-9®; Norfox NP-977®; Norfox OP-100®; Norfox OP-102®;Norfox OP-114®; Norfox OP-45®; Surfonic N-10®; Surfonic N-100®; SurfonicN-102®; Surfonic N-120®; Surfonic N-150®; Surfonic N-200®; SurfonicN-300®; Surfonic N-31.5®; Surfonic N-40®; Surfonic N-400®; SurfonicN-60®; Surfonic N-85®; Surfonic N-95®; Surfonic NB-18®; Surfonic NB-23®;Surfonic NB-25®; Surfonic NB-307®; Surfonic NB-31®; Surfonic NB-41®;Surfonic NB-43®; Surfonic OP-100®; Surfonic OP-120®; Surfonic OP-15®;Surfonic OP-35®; Surfonic OP-70®; Triton X-100®; Triton X-102®; TritonX-114®; Triton X-15®; Triton X-165 (70%)®; Triton X-207®; Triton X-305(70%)®; Triton X-35®; Triton X-405 (70%)®; Triton X-45®; and TritonX-705 (70%)®.

Ethoxylated Aryl Phenols, including but not limited to,

Soprophor BSU®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Soprophor CY/8®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Soprophor S/25®, which isavailable from Rhodia, Inc.; Witconol NIO®, which is available from AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol NIW®, which is available from AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol S-100®, which is available fromAkzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Cedepal CA-210®; Cedepal CA-520®;Cedepal CA-630®; Cedepal CA-720®; Cedepal CA-890®; Cedepal CA-897®;Cedepal CO-210®; Cedepal CO-430®; Cedepal CO-530®; Cedepal CO-630®;Cedepal CO-710®; Cedepal CO-730®; Cedepal CO-880®; Cedepal CO-887®;Cedepal CO-890®; Cedepal CO-897®; Cedepal CO-970®; Cedepal CO-977®;Cedepal CO-990®; and Cedepal CO-997®.

Ethoxylated Fatty Acids, including, but not limited to:

Aldo PGHMS®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Alkamuls TO-15/HR®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Armotan AL-69-66®, which isavailable from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Cerasynt 840®, which isavailable from International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt 945®, whichis available from International Specialty Products/IS; Crystal InhibitorNo. 5®, which is available from Harcros Chemicals Inc.; DeThox AcidL-9®, which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; DeThox AcidS-8®, which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.; Ethofat242/25®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Hydropalat 65®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Lipo EGMS®,which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 2 DL®, which isavailable from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 4 DL®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 4-L®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 39-S®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals,Inc.; Lipopeg 4-S®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.;Lipopeg 10-S®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg100-S®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 6000 DS®,which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lumulse 40-L®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse 40-S®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse 42-L®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse 42-S®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse 100-S®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse 602-S®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Magrabar PGE-20-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-20L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-20T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-22-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-22L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-22T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-40-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-40L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-40T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-42-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-42L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-42T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-60-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-60L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-60T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-62-0®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-62L®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGE-62T®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Mapeg S-40K®, which is availablefrom BASF Corp.; Marlowet OTS®, which is available from Sasol NorthAmerica Inc.; Naturechem PGR®, which is available from CasChem®, Inc.;PG No. 4®, which is available from Hart Chemical Corp.; Renex 20®, whichis available from Uniqema; Ritox 52®, which is available from RITACorp.; Ritox 53®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritox 59®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Surfax 8916/A®, which is available fromHoughton International Inc.; Tego Acid S 40 P®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego Acid S100 P®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tween 20®, which is available from Uniqema;Volpo 131®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Alkamuls 400-MO/E®;DeThox Acid O-14®; DeThox Acid O-16®; DeThox Acid O-9®; DeThox AcidTO-14®; DeThox Acid TO-16.5®; DeThox Acid TO-8.5®; Emerest 2704®;Emerest 2712®; Emerest 2715®; Ethox MA-8®; Ethox MI-14®; Ethox ML-14®;Ethox ML-5®; Ethox MO-14®; Ethox MO-9®; Ethox MS-14®; Ethox MS-23®;Ethox MS-40®; Ethox MS-8®; Ethox TO-16®; Ethox TO-8®; Flexricin 13®;Flexricin 15®; Genapol 1261®; Lumulse 40-O K®; Lumulse 42-O K®; LumulseGMT-40®; Lumulse PEG 1450®; Lumulse PEG 1450 NF®; Lumulse PEG 8000®;Lumulse PGO®; Lumulse POE (2) Oleyl Amine®; Magrabar PGO-104®; Mapeg 200ML®; Mapeg 400 MO®; Mapeg 400 MOT®; Mapeg 400DO®; Mapeg 400DOT®; Mapeg600DOT®; Marlox FK 86®; Marlox MO 154®; Surfonic L12-3®; SurfonicL12-6®; Surfonic L12-8®; Surfonic L24-12®; Surfonic L24-2®; SurfonicL24-22®; Surfonic L24-3®; Surfonic L24-4®; Surfonic L24-5®; SurfonicL24-7®; Surfonic L24-7.1®; Surfonic L24-9®; Surfonic LF-17®; SurfonicLF-18®; Surfonic LF-37®; Surfonic LF-41®; Surfonic LF-42®; SurfonicLF-47®; Surfonic LF-68®; Surfonic P1®; Surfonic P3®; Surfonic P5®; andSurfonic P6®.

Ethoxylated Fatty Esters or Oils (Animal & Veg.), including, but notlimited to:

Acconon 6-C10®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; AccononCC-6®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Acconon CO-7®, whichis available from Abitec Corporation; Aldosperse 40/60 FG®, which isavailable from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse ML-23®, which is available fromLonza Inc.; Aldosperse MS-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.;Alkamuls EL-620®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; AlkamulsEL-719®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Alkamuls EL-985®, whichis available from Rhodia, Inc.; Arlatone G®, which is available fromUniqema; Arlatone T®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1045A®,which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1086®, which is available fromUniqema; Atlas G-1087®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1089®,which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1096®, which is available fromUniqema; Atlas G-1292®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1293®,which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1300®, which is available fromUniqema; Atlas G-7076®, which is available from Uniqema; Capmul EMG®,which is available from Abitec Corporation; Chemonic CO-40®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic LI-3®, which is available fromChemron Corp.; Chemonic LI-7®, which is available from Chemron Corp.;Cirrasol GM®, which is available from Uniqema; Cremophor CO 40®, whichis available from BASF Corp.; Cremophor CO 410®, which is available fromBASF Corp.; Cremophor EL®, which is available from BASF Corp.; CremophorGC7®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Cremophor RH-40®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Crovol A-40®, which is available from CrodaInc.; Crovol A-70®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Crovol M-70®,which is available from Croda Inc.; Crovol PK-70®, which is availablefrom Croda Inc.; Cutina E-24®, which is available from Cognis CanadaCorp.; Dacospin 12-R®, which is available from Cognis Corporation;Dehymuls HRE-7®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; DeSonic30C®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 36C®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; DeSonic 40C®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Durfax 60®, which is available from Loders CroklaanU.S.A.; Durfax 65®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.;Durfax 80®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; Durfax EOM®,which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; Eccoterge NF-2®, whichis available from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.; Emulpon CO-360®, whichis available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Emulpon CO-550®,which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Emulsogen EL®,which is available from Clariant Corporation; Emulsogen HCO 040®, whichis available from Clariant Corporation; Emulsogen HCO 060®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Emulsynt 1055®, which is availablefrom International Specialty Products/IS; Ethox 3095®, which isavailable from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Eumulgin RO-40®, which is availablefrom Cognis Canada Corp.; Genapol G-260®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Glycosperse L-20®, which is available from LonzaInc.; Glycosperse O-5®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; GlycosperseO-20®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Glycosperse O-20 FG®, whichis available from Lonza Inc.; Glycosperse 5-20®, which is available fromLonza Inc.; Glycosperse S-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.;Glycosperse TS-20®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; GlycosperseTS-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Hetan SL®, which isavailable from Global-Seven, Inc.; Hetan SO®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hetan SS®, which is available from Global-Seven,Inc.; Hetoxide C-2®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.;Hetoxide C-9®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.; HetoxideC-15®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide C-25®, whichis available from Global-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide C-40®, which is availablefrom Global-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide C-200®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide C-200-50%®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide GC-30®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Hetoxide HC-60®, which is available fromGlobal-Seven, Inc.; Ice No. 2®, which is available from Loders CroklaanU.S.A.; Incrocas 30/40®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Lexol EC®,which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lexol EO®, which isavailable from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lipocol HCO-40®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipocol HCO-60®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lipocol O-3 Special®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lipopeg 2-L®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals,Inc.; Lipopeg 4-DO®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.;Lipopeg 4-DS®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; LipovolGTB®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lonzest SML-20®,which is available from Lonza Inc.; Lonzest SMO-20®, which is availablefrom Lonza Inc.; Lonzest SMS-20®, which is available from Lonza Inc.;Lonzest STO-20®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Lonzest STS-20®,which is available from Lonza Inc.; Lumulse GR-40®, which is availablefrom Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse GRH-40®, which is availablefrom Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse POE (7) GML®, which isavailable from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse POE (12) Glyc®, whichis available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse POE (40) MS KP®,which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Marlowet 4750®,which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet LVS®, whichis available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet R 11®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet R 40®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Mazol 80 MGK®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Nonionic Emulsifier T-9®, which is availablefrom Werner G. Smith Inc.; Oronal LCG®, which is available from SeppicInc.; Polyderm PPI-CO-200®, which is available from Alzo International,Inc.; Polyderm PPI-CO-40®, which is available from Alzo International,Inc.; Rewoderm LI 520-70®, which is available from Goldschmidt ChemicalCorp.; Ritapeg 150 DS®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Softigen767®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Surfactol 318®,which is available from CasChem®, Inc.; Surfactol 365®, which isavailable from CasChem®, Inc.; Syn Lube 107®, which is available fromMilliken Chemical; Syn Lube 728®, which is available from MillikenChemical; Syn Lube 1632H®, which is available from Milliken Chemical;Syn Lube 6277-A®, which is available from Milliken Chemical; T-DetC-20®, which is available from Harcros Chemicals Inc.; T-Det C-40®,which is available from Harcros Chemicals Inc.; Tally 100 Plus®, whichis available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; Uniperol EL®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Acconon E®; Chemax CO-16®; Chemax CO-200/50®;Chemax CO-25®; Chemax CO-30®; Chemax CO-36®; Chemax CO-40®; ChemaxCO-5®; Chemax CO-80®; Chemax DNP-150/50®; Chemax DNP-18®; Chemax DNP-8®;Chemax E 200 ML®; Chemax E 200 MO®; Chemax E 400 ML®; Chemax E 400 MO®;Chemax E 600 ML®; Chemax E 600 MO®; Chemax E1000 MO®; Chemax E1000 MS®;Chemax E200 MS®; Chemax E400 MS®; Chemax E600 MS®; Chemax HCO-16®;Chemax HCO-200/50®; Chemax HCO-25®; Chemax HCO-5®; Chemax TO-16®; ChemaxTO-8®; Colalube 3409®; Colalube 3411®; Colalube 3413®; Colalube 3414®;Colalube 3415®; Colalube 3416®; Colalube 3417®; DePeg 16-CO®; DePeg25-CO®; DePeg 30-CO®; DePeg 40-CO®; DePeg 5-CO®; DePeg 80-CO®; Ethox3095®; Ethox CO-16®; Ethox CO-200®; Ethox CO-25®; Ethox CO-30®; EthoxCO-36®; Ethox CO-40®; Ethox CO-5®; Hetoxide BN-13®; Hetoxide DNP-4®;Hetoxide DNP-9.6®; Hetoxide G-26®; Hetoxide G-7®; Hetoxide GT-20®;Hetoxide HC-40®; Lipo GMS 450®; Lipo Polyglycol 1000®; Lipo Polyglycol200®; Lipo Polyglycol 300®; Lipo Polyglycol 3350®; Lipo Polyglycol 400®;Lipo Polyglycol 600®; Surfonic CO-15®; Surfonic CO-25®; Surfonic CO-30®;Surfonic CO-36®; Surfonic CO-42®; Surfonic TX-CCN®; Tagat CH 40®; TagatCH 60®; Tagat L 2®; Tagat S®; Tagat S 2®; and Tally 100 Plus®.

Fatty Esters, including but not limited to,

Actralube-Syn 147®, which is available from Georgia-Pacific Corp.; AtlasG-1556®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1564®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Atlasol Base Oil S®, which is available fromAtlas Refinery Inc.; Base ML®, which is available from Keil Chemical;Base MT®, which is available from Keil Chemical; Cerasynt 303®, which isavailable from International Specialty Products/IS; Dermol 1012®, whichis available from Alzo International, Inc.; Kemester 4000®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Lactipol S®, which is available fromCanamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Magrabar PGO®, which is available fromMagrabar Chemical Corp.; Mayco Base BFO®, which is available from DoverChemical Corp.; Methyl Linoleate®, which is available from Hart ChemicalCorp.; Pationic 122A®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Pationic138C®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Pationic CSL®, which isavailable from RITA Corp.; Pationic ISL®, which is available from RITACorp.; Pationic SBL®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Pationic SSL®,which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritasol®, which is available fromRITA Corp.; Tego Alkanol CS 20®, which is available from GoldschmidtChemical Corp.; Tego Alkanol L23 P®, which is available from GoldschmidtChemical Corp.; Tego Alkanol S2®, which is available from GoldschmidtChemical Corp.; Tego Alkanol S20 P®, which is available from GoldschmidtChemical Corp.; Triemulsifier 600 MS®, which is available from Tri-TexCo.®, Inc.; Santone 10-10-0®; Santone 3-1-S XTR®; Santone 3-1-SH®; andSantone 8-1-O®.

Glycerol Esters, including but not limited to:

Agro #9 Wint SBO®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.;Ahcovel Base 700®, which is available from Uniqema; Aldo HMS FG®, whichis available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MLD®, which is available from LonzaInc.; Aldo MLD FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MO FG®,which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MS®, which is available fromLonza Inc.; Aldo MS FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MS LGFG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MSD®, which is availablefrom Lonza Inc.; Aldo MSD FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.;Aldosperse O-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; AldosperseTS-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse TS-40 FG®,which is available from Lonza Inc.; Arlacel 165®, which is availablefrom Uniqema; Arlacel 186®, which is available from Uniqema; CapmulGMO®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Capmul GMS®, which isavailable from Abitec Corporation; Caprol 3GO®, which is available fromAbitec Corporation; Caprol 3GVS®, which is available from AbitecCorporation; Caprol 6G2S®, which is available from Abitec Corporation;Caprol 10G40®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Caprol10G100®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Caprol ET®, whichis available from Abitec Corporation; Caprol PGE860®, which is availablefrom Abitec Corporation; Cerasynt 945®, which is available fromInternational Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt GMS®, which is availablefrom International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt Q®, which isavailable from International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt SD®, whichis available from International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt WM®,which is available from International Specialty Products/IS; Chemsperse14®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Cremophor GO-32®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Cremophor GS11®, which is available from BASFCorp.; Cremophor GS-32®, which is available from BASF Corp.; CutinaKD-16®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Dehymuls PGPH®,which is available from Cognis Corporation; Dermol DGDIS®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Dermol DGMIS®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Dermol G-76®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Dermol G-7DI®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Dermol NGDI®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Dermolan GLH®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Drewmulse GMO®, which isavailable from Stepan Company; Drewpol 3-5-M®, which is available fromStepan Company; Durlac 100 W®, which is available from Loders CroklaanU.S.A.; Dur-Lo®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; Dynasan118®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; EC-25®, which isavailable from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; EM 40®, which is available fromKeil Chemical; Emerest 2400®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Emerest 2452®, which is available from Cognis Corporation;Empilan G-26®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; Genapol TSM®, whichis available from Clariant Corporation; Hostacerin DGI®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Hostacerin DGL®, which is availablefrom Clariant Corporation; Hostacerin DGMS®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Hostacerin DGSB®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Ice No. 2®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.;Imwitor 742®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor780 K®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 960Flakes®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Isolan GI34®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Isolan GO 33®,which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Kemester 1000®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; Kemester 2000®, which isavailable from Crompton; Kemester 2000®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Kemester 6000SE®, which is available from CromptonCorp.; Lamecreme DGE 18®, which is available from Cognis Corporation;Lexemul 515®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lexemul 561®,which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lexemul AR®, which isavailable from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lexemul AS®, which is available fromInolex Chemical Co.; Lexemul GDL®, which is available from InolexChemical Co.; Lexemul T®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.;Lipomulse 165®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; LumulseGML K®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse GMOK®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse GMR K®,which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Lumulse GMT K®,which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Magrabar GMC®, whichis available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar GMO-CK®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar MDG-5050®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGO-315®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar PGO-1010®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Mazol 300K®, which is availablefrom BASF Corp.; Mazol GMO-K®, which is available from BASF Corp.; MazolGMS-K®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Mazol PG031-K®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Miglyol 812®, which is available from SasolNorth America Inc.; Norfox 165C®, which is available from Norman, Fox &Co.; Schercemol GMIS®, which is available from Noveon®, Inc.; Tegin®,which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegin 4100 Pellets®,which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegin M Pellets®,which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegin OV®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Teginacid H®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego Cosmo P813®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Wickenol 535®, which isavailable from Alzo International, Inc.; Witconol 14®, which isavailable from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol 14®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Witconol 14F®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Witconol 18L®, which is available from Crompton Corp.;Witconol GOT®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Witconol MST®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; Witconol RHT®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Alkamuls 400-DO®; Dur-Em 114®; Dur-Em117®; Dur-Em 204®; Dur-Em 207®; Dur-Em 207E®; Glicepol 160®; Glicepol560®; Glicepol GMS 20®; Polyaldo 10-2-P®; Polyaldo DGDO®; PolyaldoHGDS®; Polyaldo TGMS®; Surfonic E400-MO®; and Tegin®.

Glycol Esters, including, but not limited to:

Alkamuls 600 DO®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Alkamuls SEG®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Atlas EM-2®, which is availablefrom Atlas Refinery Inc.; Cerasynt IP®, which is available fromInternational Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt M®, which is availablefrom International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt MN®, which isavailable from International Specialty Products/IS; Cerasynt PA®, whichis available from International Specialty Products/IS; Chemsperse EGDS®,which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemsperse EGMS®, which isavailable from Chemron Corp.; Colonial Monolaurin®, which is availablefrom Colonial Chemical Co.; DeMuls SGE-95®, which is available fromDeForest Enterprises, Inc.; Eccoterge 200®, which is available fromEastern Color & Chemical Co.; Emerest 2380®, which is available fromCognis Corporation; Ethox 2610®, which is available from EthoxChemicals, LLC; Ethox DO-9®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals,LLC; Ethox DO-14®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; EthoxSO-9®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Fizul MD-318®,which is available from Finetex Inc.; Genapol EGDS-VHP®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Genapol TS Powder®, which isavailable from Clariant Corporation; Hostacerin WO®, which is availablefrom Clariant Corporation; Inversol 140®, which is available from KeilChemical; Kemester 104®, which is available from Crompton Corp.;Kemester 205®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Kemester 226®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; Kemester 5221 SE®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Kemester EGDS®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Lexemul EGDS®, which is available from Inolex ChemicalCo.; Lexemul EGMS®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; LexemulP®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; Lipo DGLS®,Self-Emulsifying®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; LipoEGDS®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipo PGMS®, whichis available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb S-4®, which isavailable from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb TO-20®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lumulse PGO®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Mackester EGDS®, which is available from TheMcIntyre Group; Mackester EGMS®, which is available from The McIntyreGroup; Mackester GSTP®, which is available from The McIntyre Group;Mackester Series®, which is available from The McIntyre Group; MagrabarPDG-50®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Mapeg 6000DS®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Marlowet 4702®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Monalube 305®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Monalube 310®, which is available from Uniqema;Monalube 315®, which is available from Uniqema; Monalube 320®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Monalube 325®, which is available from Uniqema;Monalube 330®, which is available from Uniqema; Naturechem PGHS®, whichis available from CasChem®, Inc.; Polycastorol PLO-840®, which isavailable from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Polytex 10M®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Ritasynt IP®, which is available from RITACorp.; Ross Chem PEG 600 DT®, which is available from Lubrizol FoamControl Additives; Schercemol PGMS®, which is available from Noveon®,Inc.; Sponto H-44C®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Tegin G®,which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Witbreak DGE-182®,which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; WitbreakDGE-182®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Witbreak DRA-21®,which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; WitbreakDRA-21®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Witbreak DRA-50®, whichis available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witbreak DRA-50®,which is available from Crompton Corp.; Witconol F26-46®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Witconol H-32®, which is available fromAkzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol H-33®, which is availablefrom Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol H-35A®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Witconol RHP®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Ethox DO-14®; Ethox DO-9®; Pegosperse 100-L®; Pegosperse100-O®; Pegosperse 100-S®; Pegosperse 1500-MS®; Pegosperse 1750-MS®;Pegosperse 200 DL®; Pegosperse 200-ML®; Pegosperse 400-DL®; Pegosperse400-DO®; Pegosperse 400-DS®; Pegosperse 400-ML®; Pegosperse 400-MO®;Pegosperse 400-MOT®; Pegosperse 400-MS®; Pegosperse 50-DS®; Pegosperse50-MS®; Pegosperse 600-ML®; Pegosperse 600-MS®; Protegin V®; ProteginW®; Protegin WX®; and Protegin XV®.

Lanolin-based Derivatives, including, but not limited to,

Amerchol CAB®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Amerchol L-101®,which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Amerlate LFA-LO®, which isavailable from Amerchol Corp.; Amerlate P®, which is available fromAmerchol Corp.; Barre Common Degras®, which is available from RITACorp.; Cholesterol NF®, which is available from Croda Inc.; CrodalanAWS®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Crodalan LA®, which isavailable from Croda Inc.; Emery 1650®, which is available from CognisCanada Corp.; Emery 1650®, which is available from Cognis Corporation;Emery 1740®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Emery 1740®,which is available from Cognis Corporation; Forlan 500®, which isavailable from RITA Corp.; Forlan L®, which is available from RITACorp.; Laneto 50®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Laneto 100®,which is available from RITA Corp.; Laneto AWS®, which is available fromRITA Corp.; Lanfrax 1776®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.;Lanfrax 1776®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Lanogel 21®,which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Lipolan®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Lipolan 31®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; OHlan®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.;Polychol 5®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Polychol 15®, which isavailable from Croda Inc.; Ritacetyl®, which is available from RITACorp.; Ritachol®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritahydrox®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Ritalafa®, which is available from RITACorp.; Ritalan®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritalan AWS®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Ritalan C®, which is available from RITACorp.; Ritawax®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritawax AEO®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Ritawax ALA®, which is available from RITACorp.; Solan/Solan 50/Super Solan®, which is available from Croda Inc.;Super Hartolan/Hartolan®, which is available from Croda Inc.; SupersatAWS-4®, which is available from RITA Corp.; and Supersat AWS-24®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Lecithin and Lecithin Derivatives,including but not limited to, Alcolec®, which is available from AmericanLecithin Co.; Lecithin®, which is available from Archer Daniels MidlandCompany; Lexin K®, which is available from American Lecithin Co.; andNatipide®, which is available from American Lecithin Co.

Lignin and Lignin Derivatives, including but not limited to:

Diwatex XP 9®, which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.;Dynasperse LCD®, which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.;Indulin SAL®, which is available from MeadWestvaco Corp.; Indulin W-1®,which is available from MeadWestvaco Corp.; Indulin W-5®, which isavailable from MeadWestvaco Corp.; Lignosol FTA®, which is availablefrom Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.; Lignosol SFX-65®, which is availablefrom Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.; Marasperse 52 CP®, which isavailable from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.; Marasperse AG®, which isavailable from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.; Marasperse CBOS-4®, whichis available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.; and, Ufoxane 2®, whichis available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.

Methyl Esters, including, but not limited to:

E.B. Cleaner AK®, which is available from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.;Oleocal ME-70®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.;Oleocal ME-92®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.;Oleocal ME-112®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; andOleocal ME-130®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.

Monoglycerides and Derivatives, including but not limited to:

Dynacet 211®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; HetsorbS-20®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.; Imwitor 191®, whichis available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 370®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 375®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 900®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 945®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 2020®, which isavailable from Sasol North America Inc.; Kemester 5500®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Kemester 6000®, which is available fromCrompton Corp.; Magrabar GMC®, which is available from Magrabar ChemicalCorp.; Magrabar GMO-CK®, which is available from Magrabar ChemicalCorp.; Magrabar GPC-10®, which is available from Magrabar ChemicalCorp.; Magrabar MDG-5050®, which is available from Magrabar ChemicalCorp.; Monalube 335®, which is available from Uniqema; MonoglyceridesGlyceryl Monestearate Archer Daniels Midland Company; Rita GMS®, whichis available from RITA Corp.; Ritamulse SCG®, which is available fromRITA Corp.; Softigen 701®, which is available from Sasol North AmericaInc.; and Tally 100 Plus®, which is available from Loders CroklaanU.S.A.

Polyethylene Glycols, including, but not limited to:

Emulgade PL 68/50®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; LumulsePEG®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; RhodasurfPEG-400®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf PEG-600®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; and Witconol PEG-400®, which isavailable from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC.

Polymeric Surfactants, including, but not limited to:

Acritamer PNC-EG®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Ag-Rho DEP-775®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; APG 325N Glycoside®, which isavailable from Cognis Corporation; Aristoflex AVC®, which is availablefrom Clariant Corporation; Aristoflex HMB®, which is available fromClariant Corporation; Burco NPS-225®, which is available from BurlingtonChemical Co.®, Inc.; Burco NPS-816®, which is available from BurlingtonChemical Co.®, Inc.; Chemccinate 5603®, which is available from ChemronCorp.; Cosmedia Guar C-261N®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Gantrez S-95®, which is available from InternationalSpecialty Products/IS; Glucopon 220 UP®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Glucopon 225 DK®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Glucopon 425 N®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Glucopon 600 UP®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Glucopon 625 UP®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Pemulen 1621®, which is available from Noveon®, Inc.;Pemulen 1622®, which is available from Noveon®, Inc.; Pemulen TR-1®,which is available from Noveon®, Inc.; Pemulen TR-2®, which is availablefrom Noveon®, Inc.; Plantacare 818®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Plantapon LGC Sorb®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Plantaren 1200N®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Plantaren 2000N®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Viscolam AT 64®, which is available from RITA Corp.;Viscolam AT 64P®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Viscolam AT 100®,which is available from RITA Corp.; Viscolam MAC 7®, which is availablefrom RITA Corp.; Viscolam SMC 20®, which is available from RITA Corp.;Witbreak RTC-323®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; and WSI3700®, which is available from Jacam Chemicals, L.L.C.;

Propoxylated & Ethoxylated Fatty Acids, Alcohols, or Alkyl Phenols,including

but not limited to:

Antarox AA-60®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox LF-224®,which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Burcomul DFE-45®, which isavailable from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.; Burcoterge LFE-1000®,which is available from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.; Chemal LF-25B®,which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions; Chemal LF-40B®,which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions; Dehypon LS-36®,which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Dehypon LS-36®, which isavailable from Cognis Corporation; Dehypon LS-54®, which is availablefrom Cognis Canada Corp.; Dehypon LS-54®, which is available from CognisCorporation; DeIonic 100 VLF®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; DeIonic LF-60 MOD®, which is available from DeForestEnterprises, Inc.; Empiderm B®, which is available from Huntsman LLC;Ethylan 1206®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC;Ethylan NS-500K®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface ChemistryLLC; Ethylan NS-500LQ®, which is available from Akzo Nobel SurfaceChemistry LLC; Genapol 1392®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol 2317®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol 26EP710®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol EP 1022®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol EP 1024®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol EP 6068®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Genapol NP915®, which is available from ClariantCorporation; Kieralon MFB®, which is available from BASF Corp.;Lumisolve CSA-80 V®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.;Marlowet 5001®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; MarloxFK 64®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlox MO124®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlox S 58®,which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Nonatell 1003®, whichis available from Tomah Products®, Inc.; Nonatell 1038®, which isavailable from Tomah Products®, Inc.; Nonatell 1052®, which is availablefrom Tomah Products®, Inc.; Nonatell 1061®, which is available fromTomah Products®, Inc.; Nonatell 1075®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1088®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1123®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1153®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1161®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1172®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Nonatell 1181®, which is available from TomahProducts®, Inc.; Norfox 36®, which is available from Norman, Fox & Co.;Procetyl AWS®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Sandoxylate SX412®Liquid, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Sandoxylate SX418®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Surfonic JL-80X®,which is available from Huntsman LLC; Surfonic JL-80X-B1®, which isavailable from Huntsman LLC; Surfonic L4-29X®, which is available fromHuntsman LLC; Surfonic LF®, which is available from Huntsman LLC; T-DetA826®, which is available from Harcros Chemicals Inc.; T-Det LF-416®,which is available from Harcros Chemicals Inc.; Tergitol Min-Foam 1X®,which is available from Dow Chemical Company; Tergitol Min-Foam 2X®,which is available from Dow Chemical Company; Triton CF-21®, which isavailable from Dow Chemical Company; Triton CF-76®, which is availablefrom Dow Chemical Company; Triton XL-80N®, which is available from DowChemical Company; Witconol NS-98®, which is available from Akzo NobelSurface Chemistry LLC; Witconol NS-108LQ®, which is available from AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol NS-145®, which is available fromAkzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Witconol NS-179®, which is availablefrom Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Chemal LFL-17®; Chemal LFL-19®;Chemal LFL-28 C®; Chemal LFL-47®; Delonic LF-EP-15®; Delonic LF-EP-18®;Delonic LF-EP-20®; Delonic LF-EP-25®; Delonic LF-EP-30®; DelonicLF-EP-35®; Delonic LF-EP-40®; Delonic LF-EP-61®; and, Soprophor 796/P®.

Protein-based Surfactants, including, but not limited to:

AminoFoam W®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Amiter LGOD-2®, whichis available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Amiter LGS-2®, which is availablefrom Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Amiter LGS-5®, which is available fromAjinomoto USA, Inc.; Lamepon S®, which is available from Cognis CanadaCorp.; Lamepon S®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Maypon4C®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; May-Tein C®, which isavailable from Maybrook, Inc.; May-Tein CT®, which is available fromMaybrook, Inc.; May-Tein KTS®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.;May-Tein SY®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; Plantapon S®,which is available from Cognis Corporation; Proteol APL®, which isavailable from Seppic Inc.; Proteol OAT®, which is available from SeppicInc.; Pyroter CPI-40®, which is available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.;Pyroter GPI-25®, which is available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Supro-TeinS®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; and Supro-Tein V®, which isavailable from Maybrook, Inc.; Sarcosine Derivatives, including but notlimited to Crodasinic LS-30®, which is available from Croda Inc.;Vanseal CS®, which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; VansealLS®, which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; Vanseal MS®,which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; Vanseal NACS-30®,which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; Vanseal NALS-95®,which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; and Vanseal OS®,which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.; Silicone-basedSurfactants, including but not limited to, Abil-B-9950®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil Care 85®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil EM 90®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil EM 97®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil WE-09®, which isavailable from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Dow Corning 1248 Fluid®,which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Dow Corning 3225C®FormulationAid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Dow Corning5200®Formulation Aid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; DowCorning Q4-3667®Fluid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.;Monasil PCA®, which is available from Uniqema; Monasil PDM®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Monasil PLN®, which is available from Uniqema;Polyderm PPI-SI-WS®, which is available from Alzo International, Inc.;Troysol 380W®, which is available from Troy Corporation; Troysol S366®,which is available from Troy Corporation; Abil-B-88183®; Abil-B-8832®;Abil-B-8843®; Abil-B-8851®; Abil-B-8852®; Abil-B-8863®; Dow Corning 190Surfactant®; Dow Corning 193 Surfactant®; Dow Corning 5103 Surfactant®;Dow Corning FF400 Fluid®; Silwet L-7001®; Silwet L-7002®; SilwetL-7087®; Silwet L-720®; Silwet L-7200®; Silwet L-7210®; Silwet L-722®;Silwet L-7220®; Silwet L-7230®; Silwet L-7500®; Silwet L-7600®; SilwetL-7602®; Silwet L-7604®; Silwet L-7605®; Silwet L-7607®; Silwet L-7608®;Silwet L-7622®; Silwet L-7657®; and Silwet L-77®; Sorbitan Derivatives,including but not limited to, Alkamuls SML®, which is available fromRhodia, Inc.; Alkamuls SMO®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.;Alkamuls STO®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Arlacel 20®, whichis available from Uniqema; Arlacel 40®, which is available from Uniqema;Arlacel 60®, which is available from Uniqema; Arlacel 80®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Arlacel C®, which is available from Uniqema;Armul 21®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Atlox 80®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Atlox 847®, which is available from Uniqema;Atlox 1045A®, which is available from Uniqema; Canarcel 20®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canarcel 60®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canarcel 80®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canarcel TW 20®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canarcel TW 60®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canarcel TW 80®, which isavailable from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Coladet BSB-P®, which isavailable from Colonial Chemical Co.; Customulse O-20®, which isavailable from Custom Ingredients, Inc.; Dehymuls E®, which is availablefrom Cognis Canada Corp.; DeSotan SMO®, which is available from CromptonCorp.; DeSotan SMO-20®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSotanSMT®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; DeSotan SMT-20®, which isavailable from Crompton Corp.; Durfax 60®, which is available fromLoders Croklaan U.S.A.; Durfax 65®, which is available from LodersCroklaan U.S.A.; Durfax 80®, which is available from Loders CroklaanU.S.A.; Durtan 60®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.;Durtan 65®, which is available from Loders Croklaan U.S.A.; Liposorb L®,which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb L-10®, which isavailable from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb L-20®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb O®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Liposorb O-20®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals,Inc.; Liposorb P®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.;Liposorb P-20®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; LiposorbS®, which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb S-20®, whichis available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb SQO®, which isavailable from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb TO®, which is availablefrom Lipo Chemicals, Inc.; Liposorb TS®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Liposorb TS-20®, which is available from LipoChemicals, Inc.; Lumisorb PS®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Lumisorb SMO (T)®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Lumisorb SMS K®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Lumisorb SSO®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Lumisorb STS K®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Lumisorb STT®, which is available from LambentTechnologies Corp.; Magrabar SMO®, which is available from MagrabarChemical Corp.; Magrabar SMO-VEG®, which is available from MagrabarChemical Corp.; Magrabar SMT®, which is available from Magrabar ChemicalCorp.; Magrabar STO®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.;Miracare BC-27®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Ritabate 20®,which is available from RITA Corp.; Ritabate 40®, which is availablefrom RITA Corp.; Ritabate 60®, which is available from RITA Corp.;Ritabate 80®, which is available from RITA Corp.; T-Maz®, which isavailable from BASF Corp.; Tego SML®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego SML 20®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego SMO 80 V®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego SMO V®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego SMS®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego STO V®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tween 21®, which is available from Uniqema;Tween 40®, which is available from Uniqema; Tween 60®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Tween 60 K®, which is available from Uniqema;Tween 61®, which is available from Uniqema; Tween 65®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Tween 80®, which is available from Uniqema;Tween 80 K®, which is available from Uniqema; Tween 81®, which isavailable from Uniqema; Tween 85®, which is available from Uniqema;Alkamuls PSML-20®; Alkamuls PSMO-20®; Alkamuls PSTO-20®; CremophorPS150®; Cremophor PS20®; Cremophor PS28®; Cremophor PS60®; CremophorPS80®; Crill 3®; Crill 4®; Crill 6®; Crillet 3®; Crillet 4®; Crillet 6®;Glycomul L®; Glycomul O®; Glycomul S®; Glycomul TO®; Glycomul TS®;Hetsorb L-20®; Hetsorb L-4®; Hetsorb L-80-72%®; Hetsorb O-20®; HetsorbO-5®; Hetsorb TO-20®; Lumisorb PSML-20 K®; Lumisorb PSML-20 NF®;Lumisorb PSMO-20 K®; Lumisorb PSMO-5 K®; Lumisorb PSMS-20 K®; LumisorbPSTS-20 K®; Lumisorb PSTT-20 K®; Sorbax PML-20®; Sorbax PMO-20®; SorbaxPMO-5®; Sorbax PMP-20®; Sorbax PMS-20®; Sorbax PTO-20®; Sorbax PTS-20®;Sorbax SML®; Sorbax SMO®; Sorbax SMP®; Sorbax SMS®; Sorbax STO®; SorbaxSTS®; Span 20®; Span 40®; Span 60®; Span 60K®; Span 65®; Span 80®; Span85®; T-Maz 20®; T-Maz 28®; T-Maz 60K®; T-Maz 65K®; T-Maz 80®; T-Maz80K®; T-Maz 81®; T-Maz 85®; and T-Maz 90®.

Sucrose and Glucose Esters and Derivatives, including but not limitedto,

DeSulf GOS-P-60WCG®, which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.;Glucam E-20 Distearate®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.;Glucamate DOE-120®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; GlucamateSSE-20®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Glucate DO®, which isavailable from Amerchol Corp.; Glucate SS®, which is available fromAmerchol Corp.; Glucopon 425 UP®, which is available from CognisCorporation; Isolan IS®, which is available from Goldschmidt ChemicalCorp.; Mazon 40®, which is available from BASF Corp.; Montanov 82®,which is available from Seppic Inc.; Montanov 202®, which is availablefrom Seppic Inc.; Montanov S®, which is available from Seppic Inc.;Rheozan®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Simulsol AS 48®, whichis available from Seppic Inc.; Simulsol SL 4®, which is available fromSeppic Inc.; Simulsol SL 10®, which is available from Seppic Inc.;Simulsol SL 11W®, which is available from Seppic Inc.; Simulsol SL 55®,which is available from Seppic Inc.; Suga Nate 100 and 160®, which isavailable from Colonial Chemical Co.; Tego Care 450®, which is availablefrom Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego Care CG 90®, which is availablefrom Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tego Care PS®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegosoft PSE 141 G®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Tegotens G 826®, which is available fromGoldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Triton BG-10 (70%)®, which is available fromDow Chemical Company; Triton CG-110 (60%)®, which is available from DowChemical Company; Wickenol 545®, which is available from AlzoInternational, Inc; Tego Care 150®; Tego Care 215®; and Triton CG-110(60%)®.

Useful surfactants for the present invention also include: a sorbitanester; Pluronic from BASF; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate60; Polysorbate 80; a stearate; glyceryl stearate; isopropyl stearate;polyoxyl stearate; propylene glycol stearate; sucrose stearate;polyethylene glycol; polyethylene oxide; polypropylene oxide; apolyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer; an alcohol ethoxylate;an alkylphenol ethoxylate; an alkyl glycoside; alkyl polyglycoside; afatty alcohol; hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; apolyacrylic acid; a Carbomer; a phosphalipid; phosphatidyl chloline; andphosphatidyl serine.

The compositions, in particular emulsions, of the present invention mayoptionally contain an active such as bimatoprost and may be comprised,but not limited to, the following combinations: Anise oil, and asorbitan ester; Castor oil, and a sorbitan ester; Clove oil, and asorbitan ester; Cassia oil, and a sorbitan ester; Cinnamon oil, and asorbitan ester; an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, anda sorbitan ester; Almond oil, and a sorbitan ester; Corn oil, and asorbitan ester; Arachis oil, and a sorbitan ester; Cottonseed oil, and asorbitan ester; Safflower oil, and a sorbitan ester; Maize oil, and asorbitan ester; Linseed oil, and a sorbitan ester; Rapeseed oil, and asorbitan ester; Soybean oil, and a sorbitan ester; Olive oil, and asorbitan ester; Caraway oil, and a sorbitan ester; Rosemary oil, and asorbitan ester; Peanut oil, and a sorbitan ester; Peppermint oil, and asorbitan ester; Sunflower oil, and a sorbitan ester; Eucalyptus oil, anda sorbitan ester; Sesame oil, and a sorbitan ester; an oil having aspecific gravity below 0.9, and a sorbitan ester; Mineral oil, and asorbitan ester; Coriander oil, and a sorbitan ester; Lavender oil, and asorbitan ester; Citronella oil, and a sorbitan ester; Juniper oil, and asorbitan ester; Lemon oil, and a sorbitan ester; Orange oil, and asorbitan ester; Clary sage oil, and a sorbitan ester; Nutmeg oil, and asorbitan ester; Tea tree oil, and a sorbitan ester; an oil having aspecific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and Polysorbate 80; Anise oil, andPolysorbate 80; Clove oil, and Polysorbate 80; Cassia oil, andPolysorbate 80; Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 80; an oil having aspecific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and Polysorbate 80; Almond oil, andPolysorbate 80; Corn oil, and Polysorbate 80; Arachis oil, andPolysorbate 80; Cottonseed oil, and Polysorbate 80; Safflower oil, andPolysorbate 80; Maize oil, and Polysorbate 80; Linseed oil, andPolysorbate 80; Rapeseed oil, and Polysorbate 80; Soybean oil, andPolysorbate 80; Olive oil, and Polysorbate 80; Caraway oil, andPolysorbate 80; Rosemary oil, and Polysorbate 80; Peanut oil, andPolysorbate 80; Peppermint oil, and Polysorbate 80; Sunflower oil, andPolysorbate 80; Eucalyptus oil, and Polysorbate 80; Sesame oil, andPolysorbate 80; an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, andPolysorbate 80; Mineral oil, and Polysorbate 80; Coriander oil, andPolysorbate 80; Lavender oil, and Polysorbate 80; Citronella oil, andPolysorbate 80; Juniper oil, and Polysorbate 80; Lemon oil, andPolysorbate 80; Orange oil, and Polysorbate 80; Clary sage oil, andPolysorbate 80; Nutmeg oil, and Polysorbate 80; Tea tree oil, andPolysorbate 80; an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, andPolysorbate 80; Anise oil, and Polysorbate 80; Castor oil, andPolysorbate 80; Clove oil, and Polysorbate 80; Cassia oil, andPolysorbate 80; Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 80; an oil having aspecific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and Polysorbate 80; Almond oil, andPolysorbate 80; Corn oil, and Polysorbate 80; Arachis oil, andPolysorbate 80; Cottonseed oil, and Polysorbate 80; Safflower oil, andPolysorbate 80; Maize oil, and Polysorbate 80; Linseed oil, andPolysorbate 80; Rapeseed oil, and Polysorbate 80; Soybean oil, andPolysorbate 80; Olive oil, and Polysorbate 80; Caraway oil, andPolysorbate 80; Rosemary oil, and Polysorbate 80; Peanut oil, andPolysorbate 80; Peppermint oil, and Polysorbate 80; Sunflower oil, andPolysorbate 80; Eucalyptus oil, and Polysorbate 80; Sesame oil, andPolysorbate 80; an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, andPolysorbate 80; Mineral oil, and Polysorbate 80; Coriander oil, andPolysorbate 80; Lavender oil, and Polysorbate 80; Citronella oil, andPolysorbate 80; Juniper oil, and Polysorbate 80; Lemon oil, andPolysorbate 80; Orange oil, and Polysorbate 80; Clary sage oil, andPolysorbate 80; Nutmeg oil, and Polysorbate 80; Tea tree oil, andPolysorbate 80; an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, andPolysorbate 60; Anise oil, and Polysorbate 60; Castor oil, andPolysorbate 60; Clove oil, and Polysorbate 60; Cassia oil, andPolysorbate 60; Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 60; an oil having aspecific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and Polysorbate 60; Almond oil, andPolysorbate 60; Corn oil, and Polysorbate 60; Arachis oil, andPolysorbate 60; Cottonseed oil, and Polysorbate 60; Safflower oil, andPolysorbate 60; Maize oil, and Polysorbate 60; Linseed oil, andPolysorbate 60; Rapeseed oil, and Polysorbate 60; Soybean oil, andPolysorbate 60; Olive oil, and Polysorbate 60; Caraway oil, andPolysorbate 60; Rosemary oil, and Polysorbate 60; Peanut oil, andPolysorbate 60; Peppermint oil, and Polysorbate 60; Sunflower oil, andPolysorbate 60; Eucalyptus oil, and Polysorbate 60; Sesame oil, andPolysorbate 60; an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, andPolysorbate 60; Mineral oil, and Polysorbate 60; Coriander oil, andPolysorbate 60; Lavender oil, and Polysorbate 60; Citronella oil, andPolysorbate 60; Juniper oil, and Polysorbate 60; Lemon oil, andPolysorbate 60; Orange oil, and Polysorbate 60; Clary sage oil, andPolysorbate 60; Nutmeg oil, and Polysorbate 60; Tea tree oil, andPolysorbate 60; an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, andPolysorbate 40; Anise oil, and Polysorbate 40; Castor oil, andPolysorbate 40; Clove oil, and Polysorbate 40; Cassia oil, andPolysorbate 40; Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 40; an oil having aspecific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and Polysorbate 40;

Almond oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Corn oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Arachis oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Cottonseed oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Safflower oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Maize oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Linseed oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Rapeseed oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Soybean oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Olive oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Caraway oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Rosemary oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Peanut oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Peppermint oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Sunflower oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Eucalyptus oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Sesame oil, and Polysorbate 40;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and Polysorbate 40;

Mineral oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Coriander oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Lavender oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Juniper oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Lemon oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Orange oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Clary sage oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Nutmeg oil, and Polysorbate 40;

Tea tree oil, and Polysorbate 40;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and Polysorbate 20;

Anise oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Castor oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Clove oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Cassia oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 20;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and Polysorbate 20;

Almond oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Corn oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Arachis oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Cottonseed oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Safflower oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Maize oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Linseed oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Rapeseed oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Soybean oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Olive oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Caraway oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Rosemary oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Peanut oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Peppermint oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Sunflower oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Eucalyptus oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Sesame oil, and Polysorbate 20;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and Polysorbate 20;

Mineral oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Coriander oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Lavender oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Juniper oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Lemon oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Orange oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Clary sage oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Nutmeg oil, and Polysorbate 20;

Tea tree oil, and Polysorbate 20;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a stearatesurfactant;

Anise oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Castor oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Clove oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Cassia oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Cinnamon oil, and a stearate surfactant;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a stearatesurfactant;

Almond oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Corn oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Arachis oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Cottonseed oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Safflower oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Maize oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Linseed oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Rapeseed oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Soybean oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Olive oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Caraway oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Rosemary oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Peanut oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Peppermint oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Sunflower oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Eucalyptus oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Sesame oil, and a stearate surfactant;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a stearate surfactant;

Mineral oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Coriander oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Lavender oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Citronella oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Juniper oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Lemon oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Orange oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Clary sage oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Nutmeg oil, and a stearate surfactant;

Tea tree oil, and a stearate surfactant;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and glycerylstearate;

Anise oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Castor oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Clove oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Cassia oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Cinnamon oil, and glyceryl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and glycerylstearate;

Almond oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Corn oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Arachis oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Cottonseed oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Safflower oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Maize oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Linseed oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Rapeseed oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Soybean oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Olive oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Caraway oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Rosemary oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Peanut oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Peppermint oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Sunflower oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Eucalyptus oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Sesame oil, and glyceryl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and glyceryl stearate;

Mineral oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Coriander oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Lavender oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Citronella oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Juniper oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Lemon oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Orange oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Clary sage oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Nutmeg oil, and glyceryl stearate;

Tea tree oil, and glyceryl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and isopropylstearate;

Anise oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Castor oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Clove oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Cassia oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Cinnamon oil, and isopropyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and isopropylstearate;

Almond oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Corn oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Arachis oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Cottonseed oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Safflower oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Maize oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Linseed oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Rapeseed oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Soybean oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Olive oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Caraway oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Rosemary oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Peanut oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Peppermint oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Sunflower oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Eucalyptus oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Sesame oil, and isopropyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and isopropyl stearate;

Mineral oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Coriander oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Lavender oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Citronella oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Juniper oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Lemon oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Orange oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Clary sage oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Nutmeg oil, and isopropyl stearate;

Tea tree oil, and isopropyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and polyoxylstearate;

Anise oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Castor oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Clove oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Cassia oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Cinnamon oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and polyoxylstearate;

Almond oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Corn oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Arachis oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Cottonseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Safflower oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Maize oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Linseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Rapeseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Soybean oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Olive oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Caraway oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Rosemary oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Peanut oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Peppermint oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Sunflower oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Eucalyptus oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Sesame oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and polyoxyl stearate;

Mineral oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Coriander oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Lavender oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Citronella oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Juniper oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Lemon oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Orange oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Clary sage oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Nutmeg oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

Tea tree oil, and polyoxyl stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and propylene glycolstearate;

Anise oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Castor oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Clove oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Cassia oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Cinnamon oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and propylene glycolstearate;

Almond oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Corn oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Arachis oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Cottonseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Safflower oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Maize oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Linseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Rapeseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Soybean oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Olive oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Caraway oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Rosemary oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Peanut oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Peppermint oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Sunflower oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Eucalyptus oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Sesame oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and propylene glycolstearate;

Mineral oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Coriander oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Lavender oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Citronella oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Juniper oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Lemon oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Orange oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Clary sage oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Nutmeg oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

Tea tree oil, and propylene glycol stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and sucrosestearate;

Anise oil, and sucrose stearate;

Castor oil, and sucrose stearate;

Clove oil, and sucrose stearate;

Cassia oil, and sucrose stearate;

Cinnamon oil, and sucrose stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and sucrosestearate;

Almond oil, and sucrose stearate;

Corn oil, and sucrose stearate;

Arachis oil, and sucrose stearate;

Cottonseed oil, and sucrose stearate;

Safflower oil, and sucrose stearate;

Maize oil, and sucrose stearate;

Linseed oil, and sucrose stearate;

Rapeseed oil, and sucrose stearate;

Soybean oil, and sucrose stearate;

Olive oil, and sucrose stearate;

Caraway oil, and sucrose stearate;

Rosemary oil, and sucrose stearate;

Peanut oil, and sucrose stearate;

Peppermint oil, and sucrose stearate;

Sunflower oil, and sucrose stearate;

Eucalyptus oil, and sucrose stearate;

Sesame oil, and sucrose stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and sucrose stearate;

Mineral oil, and sucrose stearate;

Coriander oil, and sucrose stearate;

Lavender oil, and sucrose stearate;

Citronella oil, and sucrose stearate;

Juniper oil, and sucrose stearate;

Lemon oil, and sucrose stearate;

Orange oil, and sucrose stearate;

Clary sage oil, and sucrose stearate;

Nutmeg oil, and sucrose stearate;

Tea tree oil, and sucrose stearate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and polyethyleneglycol;

Anise oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Castor oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Clove oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Cassia oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Cinnamon oil, and polyethylene glycol;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and polyethyleneglycol;

Almond oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Corn oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Arachis oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Cottonseed oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Safflower oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Maize oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Linseed oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Rapeseed oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Soybean oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Olive oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Caraway oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Rosemary oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Peanut oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Peppermint oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Sunflower oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Eucalyptus oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Sesame oil, and polyethylene glycol;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and polyethylene glycol;

Mineral oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Coriander oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Lavender oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Citronella oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Juniper oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Lemon oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Orange oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Clary sage oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Nutmeg oil, and polyethylene glycol;

Tea tree oil, and polyethylene glycol;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and polyethyleneoxide;

Anise oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Castor oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Clove oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Cassia oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Cinnamon oil, and polyethylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and polyethyleneoxide;

Almond oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Corn oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Arachis oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Cottonseed oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Safflower oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Maize oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Linseed oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Rapeseed oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Soybean oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Olive oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Caraway oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Rosemary oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Peanut oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Peppermint oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Sunflower oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Eucalyptus oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Sesame oil, and polyethylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and polyethylene oxide;

Mineral oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Coriander oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Lavender oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Citronella oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Juniper oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Lemon oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Orange oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Clary sage oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Nutmeg oil, and polyethylene oxide;

Tea tree oil, and polyethylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and polypropyleneoxide;

Anise oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Castor oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Clove oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Cassia oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Cinnamon oil, and polypropylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and polypropyleneoxide;

Almond oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Corn oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Arachis oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Cottonseed oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Safflower oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Maize oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Linseed oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Rapeseed oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Soybean oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Olive oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Caraway oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Rosemary oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Peanut oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Peppermint oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Sunflower oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Eucalyptus oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Sesame oil, and polypropylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and polypropylene oxide;

Mineral oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Coriander oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Lavender oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Citronella oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Juniper oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Lemon oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Orange oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Clary sage oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Nutmeg oil, and polypropylene oxide;

Tea tree oil, and polypropylene oxide;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a polyethyleneoxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Anise oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Castor oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Clove oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Cassia oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Cinnamon oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a polyethyleneoxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Almond oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Corn oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Arachis oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Cottonseed oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Safflower oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Maize oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Linseed oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Rapeseed oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Soybean oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Olive oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Caraway oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Rosemary oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Peanut oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Peppermint oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Sunflower oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Eucalyptus oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Sesame oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a polyethyleneoxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Mineral oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Coriander oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Lavender oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Citronella oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Juniper oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Lemon oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Orange oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Clary sage oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Nutmeg oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

Tea tree oil, and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and an alcoholethoxylate;

Anise oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Castor oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Clove oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Cassia oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Cinnamon oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and an alcoholethoxylate;

Almond oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Corn oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Arachis oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Cottonseed oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Safflower oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Maize oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Linseed oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Rapeseed oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Soybean oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Olive oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Caraway oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Rosemary oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Peanut oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Peppermint oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Sunflower oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Eucalyptus oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Sesame oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Mineral oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Coriander oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Lavender oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Citronella oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Juniper oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Lemon oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Orange oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Clary sage oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Nutmeg oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

Tea tree oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and an alkylphenolethoxylate;

Anise oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Castor oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Clove oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Cassia oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Cinnamon oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and an alkylphenolethoxylate;

Almond oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Corn oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Arachis oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Cottonseed oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Safflower oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Maize oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Linseed oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Rapeseed oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Soybean oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Olive oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Caraway oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Rosemary oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Peanut oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Peppermint oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Sunflower oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Eucalyptus oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Sesame oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and an alkylphenolethoxylate;

Mineral oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Coriander oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Lavender oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Citronella oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Juniper oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Lemon oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Orange oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Clary sage oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Nutmeg oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

Tea tree oil, and an alkylphenol ethoxylate;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and an alkylglycoside;

Anise oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Castor oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Clove oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Cassia oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Cinnamon oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and an alkylglycoside;

Almond oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Corn oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Arachis oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Cottonseed oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Safflower oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Maize oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Linseed oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Rapeseed oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Soybean oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Olive oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Caraway oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Rosemary oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Peanut oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Peppermint oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Sunflower oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Eucalyptus oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Sesame oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and an alkyl glycoside;

Mineral oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Coriander oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Lavender oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Citronella oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Juniper oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Lemon oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Orange oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Clary sage oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Nutmeg oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

Tea tree oil, and an alkyl glycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and an alkylpolyglycoside;

Anise oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Castor oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Clove oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Cassia oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Cinnamon oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and an alkylpolyglycoside;

Almond oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Corn oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Arachis oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Cottonseed oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Safflower oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Maize oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Linseed oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Rapeseed oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Soybean oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Olive oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Caraway oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Rosemary oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Peanut oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Peppermint oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Sunflower oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Eucalyptus oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Sesame oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Mineral oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Coriander oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Lavender oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Citronella oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Juniper oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Lemon oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Orange oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Clary sage oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Nutmeg oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

Tea tree oil, and an alkyl polyglycoside;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a fatty alcohol;

Anise oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Castor oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Clove oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Cassia oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Cinnamon oil, and a fatty alcohol;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a fatty alcohol;

Almond oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Corn oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Arachis oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Cottonseed oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Safflower oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Maize oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Linseed oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Rapeseed oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Soybean oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Olive oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Caraway oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Rosemary oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Peanut oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Peppermint oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Sunflower oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Eucalyptus oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Sesame oil, and a fatty alcohol;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a fatty alcohol;

Mineral oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Coriander oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Lavender oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Citronella oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Juniper oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Lemon oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Orange oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Clary sage oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Nutmeg oil, and a fatty alcohol;

Tea tree oil, and a fatty alcohol;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a cellulosederivative;

Anise oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Castor oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Clove oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Cassia oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Cinnamon oil, and a cellulose derivative;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a cellulosederivative;

Almond oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Corn oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Arachis oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Cottonseed oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Safflower oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Maize oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Linseed oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Rapeseed oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Soybean oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Olive oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Caraway oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Rosemary oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Peanut oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Peppermint oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Sunflower oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Eucalyptus oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Sesame oil, and a cellulose derivative;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a cellulose derivative;

Mineral oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Coriander oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Lavender oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Citronella oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Juniper oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Lemon oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Orange oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Clary sage oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Nutmeg oil, and a cellulose derivative;

Tea tree oil, and a cellulose derivative;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, andhydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Anise oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Castor oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Clove oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Cassia oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Cinnamon oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, andhydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Almond oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Corn oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Arachis oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Cottonseed oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Safflower oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Maize oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Linseed oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Rapeseed oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Soybean oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Olive oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Caraway oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Rosemary oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Peanut oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Peppermint oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Sunflower oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Eucalyptus oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Sesame oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose;

Mineral oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Coriander oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Lavender oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Citronella oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Juniper oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Lemon oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Orange oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Clary sage oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Nutmeg oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

Tea tree oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and carboxymethylcellulose;

Anise oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Castor oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Clove oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Cassia oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Cinnamon oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and carboxymethylcellulose;

Almond oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Corn oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Arachis oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Cottonseed oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Safflower oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Maize oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Linseed oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Rapeseed oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Soybean oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Olive oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Caraway oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Rosemary oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Peanut oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Peppermint oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Sunflower oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Eucalyptus oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Sesame oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Mineral oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Coriander oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Lavender oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Citronella oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Juniper oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Lemon oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Orange oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Clary sage oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Nutmeg oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

Tea tree oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a polyacrylicacid;

Anise oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Castor oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Clove oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Cassia oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Cinnamon oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a polyacrylicacid;

Almond oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Corn oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Arachis oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Cottonseed oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Safflower oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Maize oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Linseed oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Rapeseed oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Soybean oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Olive oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Caraway oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Rosemary oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Peanut oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Peppermint oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Sunflower oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Eucalyptus oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Sesame oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a polyacrylic acid;

Mineral oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Coriander oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Lavender oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Citronella oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Juniper oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Lemon oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Orange oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Clary sage oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Nutmeg oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

Tea tree oil, and a polyacrylic acid;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a Carbomer;

Anise oil, and a Carbomer;

Castor oil, and a Carbomer;

Clove oil, and a Carbomer;

Cassia oil, and a Carbomer;

Cinnamon oil, and a Carbomer;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a Carbomer;

Almond oil, and a Carbomer;

Corn oil, and a Carbomer;

Arachis oil, and a Carbomer;

Cottonseed oil, and a Carbomer;

Safflower oil, and a Carbomer;

Maize oil, and a Carbomer;

Linseed oil, and a Carbomer;

Rapeseed oil, and a Carbomer;

Soybean oil, and a Carbomer;

Olive oil, and a Carbomer;

Caraway oil, and a Carbomer;

Rosemary oil, and a Carbomer;

Peanut oil, and a Carbomer;

Peppermint oil, and a Carbomer;

Sunflower oil, and a Carbomer;

Eucalyptus oil, and a Carbomer;

Sesame oil, and a Carbomer;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a Carbomer;

Mineral oil, and a Carbomer;

Coriander oil, and a Carbomer;

Lavender oil, and a Carbomer;

Citronella oil, and a Carbomer;

Juniper oil, and a Carbomer;

Lemon oil, and a Carbomer;

Orange oil, and a Carbomer;

Clary sage oil, and a Carbomer;

Nutmeg oil, and a Carbomer;

Tea tree oil, and a Carbomer;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and a phosphalipid;

Anise oil, and a phosphalipid;

Castor oil, and a phosphalipid;

Clove oil, and a phosphalipid;

Cassia oil, and a phosphalipid;

Cinnamon oil, and a phosphalipid;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a phosphalipid;

Almond oil, and a phosphalipid;

Corn oil, and a phosphalipid;

Arachis oil, and a phosphalipid;

Cottonseed oil, and a phosphalipid;

Safflower oil, and a phosphalipid;

Maize oil, and a phosphalipid;

Linseed oil, and a phosphalipid;

Rapeseed oil, and a phosphalipid;

Soybean oil, and a phosphalipid;

Olive oil, and a phosphalipid;

Caraway oil, and a phosphalipid;

Rosemary oil, and a phosphalipid;

Peanut oil, and a phosphalipid;

Peppermint oil, and a phosphalipid;

Sunflower oil, and a phosphalipid;

Eucalyptus oil, and a phosphalipid;

Sesame oil, and a phosphalipid;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and a phosphalipid;

Mineral oil, and a phosphalipid;

Coriander oil, and a phosphalipid;

Lavender oil, and a phosphalipid;

Citronella oil, and a phosphalipid;

Juniper oil, and a phosphalipid;

Lemon oil, and a phosphalipid;

Orange oil, and a phosphalipid;

Clary sage oil, and a phosphalipid;

Nutmeg oil, and a phosphalipid;

Tea tree oil, and a phosphalipid;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and phosphatidylchloline;

Anise oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Castor oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Clove oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Cassia oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Cinnamon oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and phosphatidylchloline;

Almond oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Corn oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Arachis oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Cottonseed oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Safflower oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Maize oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Linseed oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Rapeseed oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Soybean oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Olive oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Caraway oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Rosemary oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Peanut oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Peppermint oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Sunflower oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Eucalyptus oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Sesame oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Mineral oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Coriander oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Lavender oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Citronella oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Juniper oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Lemon oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Orange oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Clary sage oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Nutmeg oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

Tea tree oil, and phosphatidyl chloline;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.95 to 1.07, and phosphatidylserine;

Anise oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Castor oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Clove oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Cassia oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Cinnamon oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and phosphatidylserine;

Almond oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Corn oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Arachis oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Cottonseed oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Safflower oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Maize oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Linseed oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Rapeseed oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Soybean oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Olive oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Caraway oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Rosemary oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Peanut oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Peppermint oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Sunflower oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Eucalyptus oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Sesame oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

an oil having a specific gravity below 0.9, and phosphatidyl serine;

Mineral oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Coriander oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Lavender oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Citronella oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Juniper oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Lemon oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Orange oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Clary sage oil, and phosphatidyl serine;

Nutmeg oil, and phosphatidyl serine; and,

Tea tree oil, and phosphatidyl serine.

In one embodiment, the presently useful compositions areself-emulsifying which, when exposed to an aqueous medium, form fineoil-in-water emulsions with little or no agitation. The property ofself-emulsification permits such formulations to be administered inconcentrated form, as for example in a soft gelatin or viscous paste.Additionally, emulsions may be prepared by combining a self-emulsifyingpre-concentrate with an aqueous medium.

Examples of self-emulsifying systems include those in which an activecomponent such as a prostaglandin and/or prostamide component iscombined with mixtures of (i) medium-chain triglycerides and nonionicsurfactants, (ii) vegetable oils and partial glycerides, such aspolyglycolized glycerides or medium-chain mono- and diglycerides, or(iii) vegetable oils and nonionic surfactants such as polysorbate 80 orPEG-25 glyceryl trioleate.

In further examples of self-emulsifying formulations, a “microemulsionpreconcentrate” of a prostaglandin and/or prostamide component can beformed by combining the prostaglandin and/or prostamide component with(I) a hydrophilic phase, (II) a lipophilic phase, and (III) asurfactant, as well as optional thickeners, antioxidants or otherexcipients.

In addition, suitable compositions may include an active such asprostaglandin and/or prostamide components in combination with ahydrophilic solvent phase and one or more surfactants, but notcontaining lipophilic solvents. Such prostaglandin and/or prostamidecomponent-containing formulations may be stable, simple to prepare, andhave good pharmacokinetic properties.

Except as otherwise noted elsewhere herein, the compositions of thepresent invention are administered topically. However, other modes ofadministration are possible such as systemic administration, forexample, oral administration of a capsule or suspension, intramuscular,intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intraarticular injection or infusionof a prostaglandin and/or prostamide component-containing composition.Topical administration includes ointments, drops, solutions, lacquers(pigmented nail polish or lacquer comprising a separate anti-fungalagent), suspensions or emulsions including a prostaglandin and/orprostamide component which may be administered using an applicatorsystem which are well known in the art. Topical formulations, intendedfor topical administration to the affected tissue area or areas, may beprepared directly, or by combining a prostaglandin and/or prostamidecomponent-containing concentrate with a diluent, for example, an aqueousdiluent. Such topical formulations may include additional excipients asnecessary, for example, to modify consistency of the rate of absorptionof the prostaglandin and/or prostamide component.

In preparing the presently useful compositions, the components may becombined in any order with mixing or light agitation to ensure completeblending.

The compositions of the present invention may be administered in asufficient amount, and for a sufficient time, as required to provide thedesired therapeutic effect of improving nail health. The composition ofthe present invention may be administered concurrently with othertherapeutics such as orally administered anti-fungal agents. Thespecific therapeutically effective dosage level may be dependent on anumber of factors including the specific condition to be treated, theseverity of the condition, the activity of the particular prostaglandinand/or prostamide component being employed, the specific prostaglandinand/or prostamide component-containing composition employed, the timeand method of administration, the duration of treatment, and otherfactors which are well known in the medical arts.

1. A composition for use in enhancing nail health in a human patient,the composition comprising at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide,prodrug thereof, derivative thereof and mixture thereof, wherein thecomposition is applied topically to the nail of the patient.
 2. Thecomposition of claim 1, wherein the prostamide is bimatoprost.
 3. Thecomposition of claim 1, further comprising at least one of ananti-inflammatory, an immunomodulator and a mixture thereof.
 4. Thecomposition of claim 3, wherein the anti-inflammatory is ketorolac. 5.The composition of claim 3, wherein the immunomodulator is cyclosporineA.
 6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is in anoil-in-water emulsion.
 7. The composition of claim 6, wherein theemulsion comprises castor oil and a surfactant.
 8. The composition ofclaim 6, wherein the emulsion comprises at least one component selectedfrom the group consisting of glycerin, polysorbate 80 and carbomer. 9.The composition of claim 6, comprising 0.5%-1.5% w/w polysorbate 80,0.5%-1.5% w/w glycerine, 0.5%-1.5% w/w castor oil, 0.05%-0.1% w/wcarbomer 1342 and mannitol.
 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein thecomposition is applied at least once a day.
 11. The composition of claim1, which is useful for treating brittle nail syndrome.
 12. Thecomposition of claim 1, which is useful for enhancing nail growth. 13.The composition of claim 1, which is useful for treating a disorder ofthe nail selected from the group consisting of nail psoriasis, psoriaticnail dystrophy, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia,onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis,onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium,onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium andpterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or othertrauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patellasyndrome, melanonychia, protein deficiency, brittle and peeling nails,methyl methacrylate damaged nails, vitamin C deficiency, vitamindeficiency, tinea unguis, thinning nails associated with lichen planus,Raynaud's disease, beeding associated with rheumatoid arthritis, beau'slines, and Mee's lines associated with certain kinds of poisoning. 14.The composition of claim 6, wherein the oil is selected from the groupconsisting of: Anise oil; Castor oil; Clove oil; Cassia oil; Cinnamonoil; oils having a specific gravity between 0.90 and 0.95; Almond oil;Corn oil; Arachis oil; Cottonseed oil; Safflower oil; Maize oil; Linseedoil; Rapeseed oil; Soybean oil; Olive oil; Caraway oil; Rosemary oil;Peanut oil; Peppermint oil; Sunflower oil; Eucalyptus oil; Sesame oil;an oil having a specific gravity specific gravity below 0.9; Mineraloil; Coriander oil; Lavender oil; Citronella oil; Juniper oil; Lemonoil; Orange oil; Clary sage oil; Nutmeg oil; and, Tea tree oil andmixtures thereof.
 15. The composition of claim 6, wherein theoil-in-water emulsion further contains a surfactant selected from thegroup consisting of Polysorbate 80, carboxylated and ethoxylatedalcohols, amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylicfatty acids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters,glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methylesters, mono- and tri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymericsurfactants, propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, oralkyl phenols, protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters andderivatives or mixtures thereof.
 16. The composition of claim 6, whereinthe oil is present in a concentration selected from the group consistingof 1.25% w/v, 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v,0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9%w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v,0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v,0.06%-0.1% w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v,0.02%-0.1% w/v, 0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v,0.01-0.06% w/v, 0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v,0.01-0.02% w/v, 0.01-0.0125% w/v, and 0.05% w/v-5.0% w/v.
 17. Thecomposition of claim 15, wherein the surfactant is present in aconcentration selected from the group consisting of 1.0% w/v,0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0%w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1%w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v,0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v,0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v, 0.05% -0.1% w/v,0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v, 0.01%-0.1% w/v,0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v, 0.01-0.05% w/v,0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v and 0.01-0.0125% w/v.